Analysis Of The Stone Boy And Araby By James Joyce

Along with breaking big social norms and being able to mature and learn, these characters also change his or her’s worldviews after going through a life changing event. In â€Å"The Stone Boy† by Gina Berriault and â€Å"Araby by James Joyce, both of the main character’s view changed to viewing the world as harsh and terrible and viewing themselves as worthless. After Eugie’s death in â€Å"The Stone Boy†, Arnold starts to mature more so his is able to fill Eugie’s role in the family. Eugie had many jobs as the eldest son of the family that are now Arnold’s. The morning after Eugie’s death Arnold’s father comes inside and says that the cow, â€Å"...went up to the mountain last night and had her calf, most likely. Somebody’s got to go up and find her ‘fore†¦show more content†¦After going through the few stands left at the bazaar, the boy became quite enraged. He felt that everyone including God wa s holding him back from his dreams and desires. As he was â€Å"[gazing] up into darkness [he] saw [himself] as creature driven and derided by vanity; and [his] eyes burned with anguish and anger†(Joyce 5). The boy tries very hard to keep faith in God that one day he will bring his true love to him but as he keeps failing, that boy gets angrier. The boy keeps breaking the social norm specific to his society of being religious more and more because he believes that God is not helping him. He believes this because he thinks that God is supposed to help achieve all desires but God is not helping him right now. This leads him to believe that there is no God if he is not with his one and only true love. The boy used to be hopeful and positive thinking one day he will be united with his true love. But as time goes on and he is still alone, this leads the boy to actually mature and realize that he is worth nothing in the world. He starts to think he is just â€Å"creature driven and derided by vanity† and he has no worth. After many disappointments in the boy’s life he has just given up and accepted that he is worth nothing. Part of growing up is learning that in the real world, one is worth nothing. Life does have any special plans for anyone in life. This ideal was created because of the modernist

Bipolar Disorder ( Disorder ) - 1776 Words

Bipolar disorder, manic episode, is represented by persistently elevated or irritable mood and abnormal and persistent increase of goal directed activity or energy that lasts more than a week (DSM 5). Most of the time, the client presents with inflated self-esteem and grandiosity (DSM 5). In addition, only three hours of sleep may be enough for the patient to feel rested because he/she has a drecreased need for sleep (Tracy, 2012). Usually, the person presents with a pressure to talk without taking any break and is seen more talkative than he/she frequently is (DSM 5). Another symptom presented in the bipolar disorder, manic episode is flight of ideas or subjective experience (DSM 5). The patient may also loose attention for any†¦show more content†¦Even though most of the patients fully return to a functional level between the crises, approximately 30% of them report having severe difficulties in their work role function (Goodwin Jamison, 2007). When the patient has acut e mania, Haloperidol is the most used medication for its properties of rapid sedation (Goodwin Jamison, 2007). Another medication that is used is IM olanzapine to calm acute manic agitation (Goodwin Jamison, 2007). When the patient has extreme hyperactivity, typical antipsychotics are used to relieve symtoms of dehydration and cardiovascular stress (Goodwin Jamison, 2007). Lithium is a very common medication given to a patient with manic episodes (Goodwin Jamison, 2007). One important aspect to take into account with Lithium is that the dose should be administered downward as the mania starts to diminish to keep the blood level in a reasonable range (Goodwin Jamison, 2007). â€Å"Bipolar disorser can be severe and long term, or it can be mild with frequent episodes†(Simon, 2013). Patients with bipolar disorder frequently have higher rates of death from suicides, heart problems than the rest of the population (Simon, 2013). On the other hand, a patient that receives trea tment has a greater chance of survival (Simon, 2013). Based on the possible causes of bipolar disorders, which are thought to be a biological disorder

State Requirements for Parenting Plans Free Essays

State Requirements for Parenting Plans Carol Schelling PA415-01: Family Law Divorce Mediation Kaplan University State Requirements for Parenting Plans | |Carol Schelling | Memo To:Prof. H. From:Carol Schelling Date:12/20/2011 Re:Pennsylvania Parenting Plans Parenting Plans are very important. We will write a custom essay sample on State Requirements for Parenting Plans or any similar topic only for you Order Now They outline the responsibilities of the parents and clarify what is in the best interest of the child. Pennsylvania does not require a parenting plan according to 23 Pa. C. S. A. Section 5331. In Pennsylvania, it also depends on the county in which you live. For example: In Washington County, Pennsylvania they require parenting plans for contested custody cases. However, in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania they do not require parenting plans. My Day in Court When I went to gain more rights to my daughter, Christal; I first filed a Modification with the Court of Common Pleas. The reason I had to do this was there was already an Order of the Court already in place. In Pennsylvania, you are required to go to a â€Å"Parents Forever† Seminar. This is a four hour seminar that teaches parents how to co-parent. When I was done, I had to provide the Court with the certification of my completion. If I did not complete this requirement, I would have been held in contempt. After I showed the Court that I completed the seminar, I then had to go to custody conferences. They represent mediation. In the custody conferences, my ex-husband and I had to work out a parenting plan. When we agreed to the context of the agreement, we both received copies. After a couple of months, we then had to go to a custody conference and the conference officer reviewed the past months. When there was an issue, like when my ex-husband refused me visitation with Christal, she would help us come up with another parenting plan that worked better. After our first custody conference, I was awarded an extra day (Friday-Monday) to take my daughter to doctor and dentist appointments. At the time, she weighed only 48lbs at the age of 8! After our second conference, I was awarded another day. This time my visitation was from Friday- Tuesdays. I would then take her to school and drop her off. I asked for this, since I could not make all of her appointments on Mondays. In June of 2007, we agreed to every other week. This worked out well, since it was years since I got to spend a week with her. I also, had all week to take my daughter to appointments. She was also involved in therapy, since I had requested that in our first custody conference. She was regressing to the point that we had to put her back in pull-ups and start the potty training all over. She was also on the Binky, (aka: Pacifier), as well. In August, my ex had told the courts he would be out of state. Knowing this, the court allowed a telephone conference, so he could be present. He did not call at the required time. I had told the conference officer that Christal had stated that he was at his home and that they should call him, which they did. When he answered, the conference officer had told him that this was not allowed and that he had lied to the courts. As a punishment, the every other week stood. I then requested for a hearing, since I did not want to lose this time that I got to spend with Christal. Her father was trying to take it back to an every other weekend. Our hearing occurred in February of 2008. At this hearing, I provided letters that my ex had written, school documents, and witness testimony. My ex’s mother and girlfriend would not testify. Our Judge had told them that they were not asked. If they wanted to be a part of Christal’s life, they needed to testify. Christal was also spoken to by the judge on camera (judge’s chambers). Since there were so many issues with my ex’s side, our case went for a continuance. On Mother’s Day of the same year, we had our next hearing. In this hearing, my daughter’s therapist, ex-mother-in-law, ex-husband’s girlfriend all testified. Right before the end of our hearing, I had asked if I could rebut the first hearing. I had explained all the issues that I had encountered between the hearings. I was happy to find out that on my birthday, which is June 5, that I gained full-custody of my angel and that my ex cannot gain custody of her again. The courts took his every Wednesdays and his vacation during the summer away due to negligence. I lost my daughter in 2002, due to me not knowing what to expect going pro se and not having money. I gained her back due to my hard work and dedication to my daughter’s best interests and well-being. I included this in my memo, for the simple fact that not all cases are black and white. The law itself has a lot of gray areas. What one county requires, another does not. Same thing goes with states. You cannot be ignorant about the law. Pennsylvania My state does not require parenting plans, but they are implemented within the court process when filing for custody, modification of an order, and contempt of court order as expressed in my own case stated above. New Hampshire To file for parental rights or to modify an order, such as a divorce, legal separation, or parenting petition, you must include a parenting plan. In Rules of the Circuit Court of the State of New Hampshire-Family Division, Section2-Domestic Relations, 2. 8 Parenting Plans shows you what is required within your parenting plan, and the order of the contents. My Thoughts I like how New Hampshire requires the parenting plan, because it saves money and court time as well. References Child Custody Act, 23 Pa. C. S. A  § 5331 NH Court Rules, Rules of the Family Division of the State of NH, Section 2-Domestic Relations, Rule 2. 18 Bertin, M. (F ebruary 8, 2011). New Child Custody Act Ushers in Sweeping Changes. Obermayer Rebmann Maxwell Hippel LLP Attorneys At Law Retrieved on December 15, 2011 from www. obermayer. com/publications. php? action=viewsid=200 How to cite State Requirements for Parenting Plans, Papers

Professional Roles and the Scope of Practice

Question: Explain why having a clear understanding of each other's professional roles and the scope of practice are necessary components of interprofessional practice. Answer: The essay is on the importance of understanding each others health professional roles and scope of practice while working in an interprofessional health care setting. Interprofessional practice is dependent on the collaborative approach of each professional member. It is important to know the role of each member so that medical staff shares their work accordingly to achieve common objectives in their scope of practice. The essay will explain the core competencies required for successful interprofessional health practice. It will give relevant examples on health care setting and demonstrate the benefit of knowing each other's role in interprofessional practice. Nurses work with other health professionals from other disciplines to provide patient-centered care. It is necessary to understand the role of each member and have appropriate communication skills to deliver work or services efficiently. Interprofessional competencies include appropriate use of clinical, communication and problem solving skills. Knowing the proper ways of communicating with health care team is a prerequiste skill required for health care practice. Different situation arises in health care sector where a team of medical staff attends to a patient during a critical surgery or operation. So learning to work with an interprofessional group is essential to improve care and deliver high quality health services. Collaborative practice in health care can positively impact health care issues. It helps in minimizing waiting time for patients, creates a healthy work environment, ensures patient safety and helps in proper disease management. It helps in the overall well-being of the community. The different kinds of practice available in health care are parallel practice, multidisciplinary practice, and interdisciplinary practice. Interdisciplinary practice is dependent on decision making of individuals from various disciplines. Therefore to avoid any error in practice, it is necessary to learn essential components of interprofessional practice (Gould et al., 2015). Learning interprofessional skills will have many benefits and positive outcome in interprofessional health practice. It helps a nurse to improve their standard of care and in achieving better patient outcome. It facilitates interprofessional team work when a nurse understands the role of other health professional and how they will work together to provide best care. It is also a critical element of medical practice. Different approach in interprofessional work helps in sharing of each others medical expertise with available health resources and marinating patients health. When a nurse will respect and understand the expertise of all health care professionals, it will lead to equal contribution of health care staff in the recovery of patients. It allows members to work according to their scope of practice. Any error in understanding roles can lead to serious consequences for both the health care staff and patient. It may lead to serious conflicts, burnout among team members and error in practice. Striking a balance between interdependence and need for professional autonomy is the way to strengthening the health care service department. It helps in creating understanding among health care staff that all members have a particular role, and they contribute in their own way in the health care responsibility entrusted to them. It develops trust among team members. Such interprofessional group can move in unification to achieve common goals and objectives. It helps in minimizing any confusion and reducing barriers in the health care delivery (Lytle, 2016). This section will discuss the core competency required for nurse in interprofessional collaborative practice. The very first responsibility of a nurse and other medical team is to learn the values or ethics for interprofessional health practice. It enables a nurse to work with other physicians and doctors to maintain an environment of mutual respect and shared values. Interprofessional practice is dependent on a smart strategy to effectively utilize each members expertise and ensure that nobody is underutilized (Margolis et al., 2015). In this context, professionals use the knowledge of their own roles and other members part appropriately to address the needs of patient as well as the health care organization. One of the most valuable skills in interprofessional health practice is learning accurate communication skills to pass the relevant message to each member as and when required. Good formal and non-formal communication is way to collaborative patient-centered care. Many nurses a re nervous of speaking up and asking any questions in case of any doubt in their work. Speaking up and defining role is extremely necessary to provide holistic care to patient. There is more chance of conflict in interprofessional work, but the need for nurse is to know the ways to skillfully negotiate things and overcome any difference in opinion arising among health care professional (Kitto et al., 2015). The interprofessional competency framework in health care describes the skills and values that shape the judgment requires for collaborative health care practice. The competency domain is centered on the theme of interprofessional communication, patient-centered care, teamwork, collaborative leadership, role clarification, and conflict resolution in the medical team (Thistlethwaite et al., 2014). Role clarification is an essential component of interprofessional practice. This can be achieved by nurses by identifying and respecting the diversity of role and expertise of each member in different fields. It is necessary to communicate roles and skills in appropriate language and integrate them seamlessly into accurate models of health care service delivery. Each medical staff should understand each others role to determine where unique ideas of physicians and surgeons can be applied and where shared contribution is necessary .To work in full capacity, equitable distribution of workload is also an essential prerequisite. It avoids burnout in nurses and enables them to work in full capacity (Doll et al., 2013). It is also necessary for nurses to make the patient aware of their health problem and explaining them the benefits of available treatment options. For a practice that is patient centered, the participation of patient is of utmost importance. Nurses should share Information with a patient in a way that removes their apprehension about treatment procedure and convince them to undergo treatment process for improving their health and removing morbidity associated with disease. For example, when a patient is about to undergo surgery, the whole process is dependent on a group of the medical team. While operating on a patient, many other medical staffs assist them during the surgery. Nurse have their role of preparing and sterilizing equipment for operation; junior doctors assist them during surgery, some monitors the vital sign of patient before surgery, some are involved in preparing diagnosis report before surgery. Therefore high standard of health care is given to patient due to the con tribution of all these members of the medical team. They ensure patient-centered care by informing about any risk associated with surgery to the patient prior to the operation (Reeves et al., 2013). The essay summarizes the importance of understanding health care staffs role for effective interprofessional collaborative practice. It explained the benefits of learning interprofessional skills for a nurses and medical staffs to achieve positive outcome in practice. It highlighted the core competency that is necessary for effective teamwork in health care setting. The viewpoint was emphatically stated by an example of interprofessional practice demonstrated by team of health care professionals in health care organization. Thus it can be concluded that if nurses develop this skills at the beginning of their career, then they can work with physicians and other medical staff smoothly and without any conflict. Reference Doll, J., Packard, K., Furze, J., Huggett, K., Jensen, G., Jorgensen, D., ... Maio, A. (2013). Reflections from an interprofessional education experience: Evidence for the core competencies for interprofessional collaborative practice.Journal of interprofessional care,27(2), 194-196. Gould, P. R., Lee, Y., Berkowitz, S., Bronstein, L. (2015). Impact of a collaborative interprofessional learning experience upon medical and social work students in geriatric health care.Journal of interprofessional care,29(4), 372-373. Kitto, S., Marshall, S. D., McMillan, S. E., Shearer, B., Buist, M., Grant, R., ... Wilson, S. (2015). Rapid response systems and collective (in) competence: An exploratory analysis of intraprofessional and interprofessional activation factors.Journal of interprofessional care,29(4), 340-346. Lytle, B. S. N. (2016). From Interprofessional Education to Collaborative Practice: A Jefferson Alumna's Perspective.Collaborative Healthcare: Interprofessional Practice, Education and Evaluation (JCIPE),7(1), 4. Margolis, L., Rosenberg, A., Umble, K. (2015). The Relationship between Interprofessional Leadership Education and Interprofessional Practice: How Intensive Personal Leadership Education Makes a Difference.Health and Interprofessional Practice,2(3), 1. Reeves, S., Perrier, L., Goldman, J., Freeth, D., Zwarenstein, M. (2013). Interprofessional education: effects on professional practice and healthcare outcomes (update).Cochrane Database Syst Rev,3(3). Thistlethwaite, J. E., Forman, D., Matthews, L. R., Rogers, G. D., Steketee, C., Yassine, T. (2014). Competencies and frameworks in interprofessional education: a comparative analysis.Academic Medicine,89(6), 869-875.

Cell Culture Technique

Giovanni essays

Giovanni essays The importance of place in James Baldwins novel, Giovannis Room can be interpreted in many different ways. For most of the novel, David is in Paris France. While some consider Paris the City of Love David is unable to experience love, and this may have been a reason that David chose Paris as the city he would find himself or possibly find love in. (Also, the writer inserted bits of French -which most Americans associate as the language of love- into the story line it leads even the readers who dont understand a bit of French, to think that whatever they are saying must at the very least sound beautiful.) David originally traveled to Paris to run away from the memory of his first homosexual relationship with a childhood friend, Joey. There is something fantastic in the spectacle I now present to myself of having run so far, so hard, across the ocean even, only to find myself brought up short once more before the bulldog in my own backyard-the yard, in the meantime, having grown smaller and the bulldog bigger. (6) David wanted to believe that he was a man of some significance, while without the ability to escape his true identity and become the man he believed he wanted to be, his fight was hopeless. Also, Hellas location in Spain is worthy of some attention. During this time period it would have been rather unheard of for a single woman to be traveling alone in a foreign country; this brings to question the motives of Hella to travel in Spain. What I interpreted this voyage to be is just a way of Hella to take some time off from David and figure out if she really wanted to marry him. The question of Why Spain? still lingers in my mind. It could possibly be that she had always wanted to visit the country, or maybe she just wanted to experience a culture different than her own. Regardless of the reason Hella went to Spain, it is still an important ...

Globalization Enhances the Influence of the Multinational Corporations Essay

Globalization Enhances the Influence of the Multinational Corporations - Essay Example Globalization is detrimental to the health of the residents, culture and environmental safety of the developing countries. Moreover, a greater opportunity for economic exploitation is provided to the multinational corporations by the process of globalization. The third or developing world is exploited by these entities to a major extent. The preference for undeveloped regions is due to the fact that environmental and other laws can be circumvented easily (Smith and Doyle).   Another, benefit that the developed world enjoys in such regions is that it can impose its culture, lifestyle and other characteristics of its society.  In addition, the environment of a third world country where a multinational corporation commences operations undergoes significant damage. However, such damage is ignored by these countries, because of the substantial wealth that flows into the country. Globalization induces the multinational corporations to foray into nation after nation of the third world. These initiatives are prompted by the search for cheap labor and resources. In addition, to exploiting the resources and manpower of these countries, the multinationals interfere and influence the policies of the country   (Smith and Doyle). Thus, a congenial atmosphere for exploitation by these corporations is ensured.It should be clearly borne in mind that the power of the multinational corporations is ubiquitous, and they wield vast influence over the international bodies, such as the World Bank, International Monetary Fund and the European Union.

Geography Bachelor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Geography Bachelor - Essay Example Then we got tired of the loss of quality of life associated with that kind of crowding, social inequity, and pollution. And through sets of rules and through inventive technology, we invented a better systemwe're talking about global warming." Somverille believes that humans are causing the climate changes, ozone depletion, and global warming. He states, "What we really need is a global technology policy to try to accelerate the rate of development of clean technologies, and to help especially the developed world" On the other hand, Dr. Fred S. Singer believes that although humans do contribute to climate change on a local scale. Singer (2000) "climate change is a natural phenomenon. Climate keeps changing all the time. The fact that climate changes is not in itself a threat, because, obviously, in the past human beings have adapted to all kinds of climate changes. Climate change is a natural phenomenon. Climate keeps changing all the time. The fact that climate changes is not in itself a threat, because, obviously, in the past human beings have adapted to all kinds of climate changes." He stated that during the years of 1900-1940, the temperature increased and that was before the use of energy. Then the climate cooled between the years of 1940-1975.

Acting as if you are hypnotized, Spanos, N.P. (1982) Essay

Acting as if you are hypnotized, Spanos, N.P. (1982) - Essay Example He believes that under hypnosis, a person is highly susceptible to suggestion, performs behaviors involuntarily, exhibits heightened recall of memories, has more vivid imagination, has the ability to dissociate consciousness of certain events from others and a lowered sensitivity to pain. Hypnosis makes one produce thoughts, ideas and behaviors which would not be usually exhibited had the person not been under that hypnotic state. Such a view has been subscribed to by a lot of people who put much faith on the hypnosis phenomenon. Of course, although many can attest to the existence of its evidence in their lives, it is still subject to scientific research to prove it. Without intending to dampen the strong advocacies of hypnosis believers, Nicholas Spanos has disputed this widely accepted view. He claims that hypnotized people are exhibiting behavior which is just like any social behavior, and negates the view that it is involuntary. Rather, consciously or not, it is strategic and goal-oriented. Such behavior is dramatic enough to produce a desired effect. In essence, he says that instead of an altered state of consciousness, hypnosis is a state of increased motivation. People under hypnosis are under the expectation that their behaviors will soon be involuntary as they relinquish control of them and agree to go under the hypnotic trance. However, Spanos argues that the behavior suggested by the person conducting the hypnosis is voluntary at first, and is eventually made to sound more involuntary. Since the hypnotized person is in an increased state of motivation, the suggestion is easily taken and what he hears as a command will seem to him as involuntary. Spanos explains that it is because the person enters the hypnosis with the intention to be controlled by the hypnotist’s suggestions. He also expects that the hypnosis has more power than his own will to

Internet Addiction Especially For Young People Media Essay

Internet Addiction Especially For Young People Media Essay Today, surfing the web has become a hobby such like going to bars, shopping the malls or watching movies. As the internet has become a major part of mainstream of life, some of the mental health professionals have marked that there is a percentage of people using the internet in a compulsive and out-of-control behavior. In Japan (April 2010), a 30-year-old man who is addicted to internet killed his father and his 1 year-old niece because his father terminated the contract of internet broadband. He then set up a fire and burnt his house. In this case, 2 people died and 3 people injured. This phenomenon of obsessive of internet usage has been termed Internet Addiction based on its resemblance to common addictions such as drinking, smoking, and gambling. Internet Addiction has even been the best as a concrete disorder, notably by some psychologists. Since the internet is used by all of us as a regular part of their job or education, it is difficult to separate those excessive from norma l use and which cannot use simple measures. Most fundamental in distinguishing normal from problem internet user is the occurrence of compulsion to use the internet. For normal users, even how heavy is their usage of the internet, they would not neglect their occupation and their relationships with their family and friends to get online. Mental health professionals are break as to whether Internet addiction is true existing or not. No one argues that some people use the internet in an obsessive behavior even to a point where it interferes their working performance and social relationships. What doubtful is whether people becomes addicted to the internet itself, or the inspiration and information that the website provides. The argument circumfluence the Internet Addiction is accurately whether people addicted to the internet itself, or to the inspiration via the net, such as online gambling, sex sites or even communication with friends via chat and blogs. Some psychologists do not regard in addiction to the internet itself, but rather in addiction to inspiration that the internet provides. They propose that new internet users often show an initial fascination with the innovation of the web, but eventually lose interest and reduce their time spent online back to a normal, healthy amount. Those abuser who do go on to sh ow obsessive internet utilization, for the most parts become compulsive only with considering to particular types of information got online, such as online gambling, facebook-ing, writing blogs, chat room or shopping sites. This is not an addiction to the internet itself, but rather risk-taking, sex, socializing or shopping. In real meaning, the main addictive characteristic of the internet is its capability to enable instant and relatively social stimulation. It is true that the internet has made it easier and more convenient for someone to develop such a compulsion. However Addicted Internet users are addicted to a preferred kind of social inspiration and not to the internet itself. The youngster nowadays can easily become addicted to the internet, they are often compelled to face their poor background growth; dysfunctional caring and lack of positive parenting skills. Its effects can easily be seen to those youngsters who are suffering from the above. Internet addicts can hardly lead to a normal life. In recent years, an increasing number of internet addicts are opened to voluntary treatment. Yet, many others are less able to resist temptation. Internet addicts are deprived of a happy life, some youth who grow up in poor family and lack of caring will seek for alternative to fulfill their psychological needs and desires; it is kind of a compensation or a replacement to them. The level of compensation depends on the individual factors, such as their ability of self control, as well as their capability of problem solving and anxiety management. Eventually such a harsh life often results in stress and strains. Some young people use internet for fun, while others t ake it in order to escape from the reality which cause them easily indulge with the internet. Internet addicts usually have no self-confidence and self-respect, as their personal identity; autonomy; and relationships with peers may not be satisfied through interactive activities, they may then try to shed social inhibitions, which leads to one of the indulgence, Internet addiction. If they are not pleasure with their free time, they may tend to seek for excitement from cyberspace and therefore, their addiction is undoubtfully increased. We can not deny that the encouragement of society and the common use of Internet activities (e.g. school education) have raised the level of Internet addiction not only in Hong Kong but all over the world. The Government; teachers and parents should do their best to uproot the vice of internet addiction; to educate the young people to avoid insidious attraction which will soon become physically and psychologically dependent on the computer and internet services. The government may provide more education and recreation centres; promote more a p roper use of internet publicity campaigns for the young people to develop a healthier lifestyle. Teachers should educate their students by implying positive attitudes towards their indulgence of internet. Internet addiction can brings immeasurable harm to youngsters and the consequences are far-reaching, once addicted, they will find it very difficult to abstain from using the internet even though they know they may have a lot of necessary tasks to complete in their lives. This may result another problem, their outbreaks of tempers are very common among internet addicts, this causes a break down in their family relationships, and therefore, parents should pay more attention to their children in order to know their needs and discomfort in daily life. Internet addiction is not classified as a formal mental health disorder. However, mental health professionals who have written about the subject note symptoms or behaviors that, if sufficient numbers has shown, it may indicate problematic use of internet. These include: Obsession with the Internet which user often thinks about the Internet while they are not on the line. Loss of control; addicted users feel unable or unwilling to stay away from the computer. They can be just sitting down to check e-mails or look for certain information, which can be finished in an hour, however, they can end up staying online for hours. They lose the ability to resist temptation. Inexplicable sadness or moodiness when not online; Dependence on any stuff often causes mood-changing side effects when the addicts is separated from the stuff on which he or she depends on. Distraction is one common symptom of many Internet addicts which it is the compulsion to cheer ones self up by associating themselves o n the Web. Besides, addicts may end up lying to family members about how long they spend online, or find other ways not to disclose the depth of their involvement with the Internet. Furthermore, it will lead to a loss of a treasurable relationship due to internet use that when users over spend time on the internet, as they often ignore their personal relationships. Time over time, those relationships may fail as friends and family members refuse to be treated badly and tend to wanting to break off the relations with the addicted individuals. Compulsive Internet use is a serious problem for certain people, and there are some methods that can be helpful in easing the problem. Internet addiction is a problem of compulsive inspiration, much like drug addiction. Because of this resemblance, compulsory treatment and rehabilitation programmes known to be useful to help drug addicts on recovery are suitable to use on Internet addicts when the need wakes. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is a well known technique which is drawn from a popular school of therapy. These forms of therapy are well studied and very helpful when applied to different behavioral and mental difficulties. They are functional and concentrate on decreasing out of control addict behaviors, and preventing slip back. In curing drug addiction, usually the goal of therapy is abstinence but it doesnt really make sense for Internet addition. The Internet has become a basic part of modern business. It could become a serious burden if we ask people not to use the internet. In place of abstinence, a better aim for Internet addiction therapy is reduce the total amount of time of using the internet. Since Internet addicts literally will have difficulty in controlling themselves from the Internet, therapy techniques can be more motivated to reduce the temptation, and becoming more conscious of the possible grim drawbacks of over-using the Internet. Therapists will also gradually help the addicts to recognize triggers that lead to over-used of the Internet. Some ignorant addicts simply believe that their indulgence is kind of just happen and that they have no responsibilities or no role on the matter. Therapists will often discuss in details on the indulgence with addicts so that they have the consciousness of their triggers and can choose to act in a substitute way when they next become defenseless. To divide identifying triggers, is to help addicts not to over-hooked up to the internet. At times, internet is necessary to in line with the educational purpose, but restriction is vital at home, some sensitive disseminate information should be blocked by the parents. Therapists set realistic and measurable goals for their internet usage with their parents. Patients are asked to count their total time of using the Internet in a log which is for the therapy to use on the track progress. To ensure this goal is achieved, users can count on timers or alarms, so as to count how long did they spent online. We all understand it is never easy to achieving our goals and self-discipline ourselves. Therapists help addicts to keep up this disciplined work by giving weekly progress reports and set up rewards for them when goals have been met. Sharing with a therapist, or with a family member in the programme can help motivation to decrease the Internet surfing time. Scientific invention has caused a great change in the mode of life of most people in the world, peoples lifestyle have greatly improved, and influences our daily life in many ways and has far-reaching consequences in all walks of life. It cannot be denied that technological advance has brought us a much better and easier life than we had ever dreamt of, and greatly raise our standard of living and bring us material enjoyment. Internet saves us a lot of trouble and time; it also provides different kinds of amusement, enjoyment and luxury. The increasing use of computers and the constantly improved electronic data processing techniques have brought revolutionary changes to our daily life. At the same time, it can also destroy our lives without our consciousness; we may find ourselves in a state of constant oppression both in mind and body. In fact, living in an era of science, we are far from a natural placid life. As a result, some people may suffer from mental illness or a nervous br eakdown; interpersonal relationships have not been given the attention they deserve. When we weight up the situation, however, we find that science technologies has more advantages than disadvantages. If progress in science is being used to serve good purposes, it can indeed be a great blessing to human kind.

Arby Essay -- essays papers

Arby James Joyce's use of religious imagery and religious symbols in "Araby" is compelling. That the story is concerned somehow with religion is obvious, but the particulars are vague, and its message becomes all the more interesting when Joyce begins to mingle romantic attraction with divine love. "Araby" is a story about both wordly love and religious devotion, and its weird mix of symbols and images details the relationship--sometimes peaceful, sometimes tumultuos--between the two. In this essay, I will examine a few key moments in the story and argue that Joyce's narrator is ultimately unable to resolve the differences between them. While the story's concern with religion seems to speak for itself, a few biographical details bout Joyce's own youth and his religious background help inform any reading of "Araby." We know that he was both drawn to and repulsed by the Catholic church in Ireland, and that just before taking orders, he opted to give up a life in the church and chose instead to devote himself to writing fiction. In the end, Joyce saw the church as something confining, something that imposed rules rather than freeing a creative spirit. As a writer radically inclined to break the rules even of fiction, the rules of the church were too severe for him. We also know that Joyce was a very sensual person who wanted nothing to do with celibacy or abstinance; his youthful marauding in the brothels of Dublin suggests that the church's proscriptions of sexual, or even romantic, activity were also too much for him. Some of these issues show up early on in the story "Araby." To begin with, the narrator--the voice of a young Joyce, surely, if not entirely autobiographical--lives in a house whose former t... ...r, the boy has an epiphany--a sudden realization--while in the baazar: "gazing up into the darkness I saw myself as a creature driven and derided by vanity" (44). Ordinarily, epiphanies are religious moments characterized by a sudden "seeing of the light." Here, however, the boy reaches his ephiphany--as does the story--while gazing into the darkness at a baazar. If the baazar is initially opposed to religion, it is here explicitly likened to religion. The ending of the story is almost as ambiguous as its back-and-forth treatment of religion and romance. It is not clear exactly what he has realized, nor is it clear whether there is a clear distinction between what is religious and what is romantic, between what is sacred and divine and what is worldly and base. But perhaps Joyce, in whom these two elements were equally confused, would have wanted it that way.

Mohandas Gandhi: A Moral/Economic Progress Essay

In Mohandas Gandhi’s speech â€Å"Economic and Moral Progress† emphasis is placed on distinguishing the difference between economic and moral progress. From Gandhi’s experience and studies he recognizes that economic and moral progress are often opposing and interchangeable. Gandhi states that he knows little of economics but was more that happy to speak on the topic because of his strong belief in the importance of moral progress over economic progress. Gandhi relies primarily on religious text coupled with all three rhetoric devices to exemplify his argument. Gandhi quotes the bible in saying â€Å"Take no thought for the morrow† meaning one should seek morality over material advantage, an idea prevalent â€Å"in almost all the religious scriptures in the world†(Gandhi 334) and it is this very idea with which Gandhi argues. Gandhi views economic progress and moral progress as two singular properties. Gandhi makes the assumption at the beginning of his speech that economic progress refers to one’s materialistic wealth while moral progress refers to â€Å"real progress† (Gandhi 334) Gandhi introduces his idea of what defines moral progress by asking â€Å"Does not moral progress increase in the same proportion as material progress?† (Gandhi 334) In this question Gandhi is examining the relationship between economic and moral progress. Gandhi states that it is popular belief that â€Å"material progress does not clash with moral progress†, so it must necessarily advance the latter. Gandhi exemplifies this popular idea and applies it to the â€Å"case of thirty millions of India stated by the late Sir William Wilson Hunter to be living on one meal a day† this case built on the idea that before attending to one’s moral welfare their daily needs must first be satisfied. Gandhi continues on state how absurd this idea it is, it is his belief that every human has the right to life, food, clothing and shelter but to obtain these things â€Å"we need no assistance from economists†(Gandhi 334) It is Gandhi’s belief that the â€Å"test of orderliness in a country is not the number of millionaires it owns, but the absence of starvation among its masses†. Gandhi’s argument relies heavily on his use of ethos in quoting religious texts as well as historical figures. It is Gandhi’s idea that economic progress does not necessarily clash or assist in moral progress, but rather acts a vehicle, which holds the possibility for either outcome. Gandhi illustrates the potential for economic progression leading to moral growth when he recalls his time in South Africa. Gandhi had observed that the  people of South Africa believed that â€Å"the greater possession of riches, the greater was their moral turpitude†(Gandhi 335) mea ning that the societal norms frowned upon living in excess and not sharing wealth. Though in contrast, Gandhi exemplifies economic progress leading to moral decay when he addresses the decline and fall of Rome, Egypt and even the Hindu deity Krishna, â€Å"with them material gain has not necessarily meant moral gain†(Gandhi 335) Gandhi is not opposing the pursuit of wealth, but the pursuit of wealth for material advantage. Gandhi applies pathos to religious ideals, evident when he describes what he believes to be symbolic of material progress, he states â€Å"It is not possible to conceive gods inhabiting a land which is made hideous by the smoke and the din of mill chimneys and factories and whose roadways are traversed by rushing engines dragging numerous cars crowded with men who know not what they are after†(Gandhi 337) Gandhi’s vivid imagery successfully conveys his idea that material wealth has corrupted the values of society and stunted moral progression. Gandhi’s speech is strongly driven by his use of ethics and emotion, but his speech also appeals to the logical mind. Gandhi’s use of logos is evident during his quotation of â€Å"the great scientist†(Gandhi 337) Alfred Wallace. Wallace, a British naturalist states that his country has put power and wealth before nature and Christianity and describes â€Å"†¦how as the country has rapidly advanced in riches, it has gone down in morality†(Wallace 338) Gandhi’s speech is largely based on the idea that society today upholds a distorted set of values, placing emphasis on material advantage and economic gain over moral growth and progress. Gandhi’s use of rhetoric devices appeal to a diverse audience using logic, ethics and emotion to prove that moral progress trumps economic progress.

Great Expectations chps 1-3 essays

Great Expectations chps 1-3 essays Pip introduces the story by introducing himself. He says his real name is Philip Pirrip, so people just call him Pip. He lives with his sister who is married to Joe Gargery, a blacksmith. His parents are dead, so the only way he knows who they are is through their grave stone. Pip started to cry and soon a convict with an iron leg appeared and told him to be quite. The convict picked Pip upside down and emptied out his pockets. Then he demanded that Pip go home and get him some food and drink. Soon the convict left and Pip ran home. When Pip reached home, Joe was there waiting for him. He told Pip that Mrs. Joe had the tickler and was out looking for him. Soon, Mrs. Joe arrived home and asked him where he had been. Pip told her that he was at the churchyard, but she doubted him. Pip decided that he should start saving his food to give to the convict. As soon as Joe and Mrs. Joe werent looking, he hid the bread in his pants. Joe asked him why he was bolting and that he shouldnt do it. Mrs. Joe kept asking Joe why Pip was bolting, but he didnt answer so Mrs. Joe started beating him. Mrs. Joe thinks he is sick so she gives him so tar water and is punished the next day by having to make pudding. The next morning, Pip got up and stole some food, water, and a file. On his way to the battery, he ran into a young boy who Pip assumed was the other convict. The boy tried to punch Pip but missed and ran away. Pip made it to the convict and gave him the food and drink. Pip told him about the canon firings and the convict asked where they had come from. Then he demanded that Pip give him the file and he started filing at his chain. ...

Chief Bromden Character Analysis of Cuckoos Nest Play essays

Chief Bromden Character Analysis of Cuckoo's Nest Play essays Chief Bromden is the storyteller of the play. He is usually in the background observing. The importance of Chief Bromden is to show the complacency of the patients on the ward. The fears of the machinery running the ward and in general society also are made evident in the Chiefs asides. The way they do it, Papa, each night they tip the world on its side and everybody loose goes rattlin to the bottom. Then they hook em by the heels, and they hang em up and cut em open (8). The views presented by the chief are in actuality what happen to the patients and what he sees due to the medications given him. In so many words the nurse is tearing the patients down. The chief moves the plot along in his silence until he finally speaks to McMurphy. The Chief just pushes the broom around because that is all the staff thinks he can do. He is believed to be deaf and mute, but R.P. McMurphy finds out otherwise. McMurphy catches on to him in the second act when he offers Chief Bromden a stick of gum (57). After this the Chief relates his family history to McMurphy and the oppressiveness of the Combine (58). The Chief gets fired up about the oppressiveness and being too small to fight back. This gives McMurphy a new goal and something to fight for. In the electroshock scene, Chief Bromden starts out meek, but McMurphy energizes him and the Chief yells GUTS BALL-L-L! (65). Finally, Chief Bromden releases McMurphy from the hospital by euthanizing him and breaking out of the ward by the same way McMurphy wanted to. Dale Wasserman employs Chief Bromden in order to show the struggles of the patients in the ward. The patients are dehumanized by the nurse and Chief Bromden is already there since he no longer speaks. The playwright uses the Chief to show the patients silence. Chief Bromden does not speak and starts out believing he is small and gradually grows i...

International Monetary Relations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

International Monetary Relations - Essay Example This will be centralized in one country hence policy setting as well as decision making can be improved on funds management. Execution is however, not personalized. Amongst the problems experienced, is currency risk when the value of exchange rates is not monitored. The treasurer and CFOs of the MNCs need to understand fully how to organize, report and integrate business operations for efficiency in resource use. Globally, it has been seen that idling of cash of up to $80 billion is a loss to the economy. Such a huge cash flow not invested for 3 months is non-beneficial and in turn loses value. Effective global treasury is aimed at managing such funds seldom producing economic benefits. Other aspects to be considered include the reporting systems in use, managing cash flow and working capital, and strengthening governance. The analysis shows that MNCs are making detrimental decisions if errors are made. One example reveals a loss in the value of foreign exchange when a North American company erroneously paid the wrong employee in the wrong country. A reversal of the transaction saw the company lose part of its money. Spreadsheets programs predispose the MNCs to inaccurate reporting. This can cause hedging of funds, to invest or to borrow where conditions do not depict so. The effect is higher if the actions are taken across border and the foreign exchange as well international market investments are at the core for MNCs. The open currency system that is mostly applied worldwide saw the North America Company lose its value for money. Government interventions are needed in order to globalize the treasurer to curb such effects. The foreign exchange can be abolished and investment made by MNCs be it currency forwards or currency futures or currency options will be easily managed through one currency system. Inaccuracy in cash forecasting is stated at 80% by treasurers. This is detriment to the economy since funds are not effectively managed and poor decision in cur rency derivatives can be made. Managing working capital is a key element in business operations. However, the managers in the MNCs find themselves in a predicament where working capital is held in regions where the MNCs are not established. A look at parity and forecasting for the MNCs would reveal that the interest parity rates as well as the purchasing power rates are not considered in achieving the fundamental goal- cash optimization. The inflation rates rising in some countries are not considered in this case. The purchasing power of products or service so created by the MNCs may be so low leading unprofitable endevours in some developing countries. Inaccuracy in cash flow reporting leads to improper forecasting and poor investment strategies. Financial risk should be critically assessed considering gains and losses that can arise in global business operations. The global treasury can assist in streamlining the decision making process if implemented effectively. MNCs are faced w ith currency exchange management in different countries. The liquidity of their operations in the near future can be analysed by measuring the currency exposure. The transaction exposure can be obtained by assessing values of foreign suppliers and consumers, subsidiary and affiliated companies in relation to liquidity of the MNCs. The cash flows and overall working capital can be monitored to show the operational exposure for the MNCs. The

The Scottish Parliament Building Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Scottish Parliament Building - Assignment Example Effective time management does not only ensure that the project is not delayed, but also it ensures that benefits from the projects are derived in a timely manner. David et al (2006) argues that creating a proper project plan is an essential aspect that a firm should take into consideration when initiating any project. Nevertheless, some project managers do not realise the value of a project plan particularly in saving time, reducing cost and improving performance. According to Lewis (2006) there are various strategies that are put in place by project managers in order to ensure a project meets the needs of its users, these includes, incremental, interactive, as well as phased approaches. Whichever approach is employed, project managers who are focused at making their projects successful must espouse careful consideration so as to achieve the objectives of their projects. One of the best aspects that managers must emulate in order to attain the goals of the project is to effectively manage their teams. It is significant to note that team members need to be motivated since their role of ensuring timely completion of projects is paramount (Joseph 2003). Some of the major ways of motivating human labour force includes training, salary increment, holidays and promotion. This paper seeks to discuss various aspects that contributed to the success of Scottish Parliament. Major primary elements that will be discussed include proper allocation of resources, appropriate planning of time as well as hiring of skilled labour. Factors that contributed to the success in the construction of Scottish Parliament Proper use of resources Commencement of Scottish Parliament building, that is located east of Edinburgh town, was started in 1999. One of the major aspects that led the construction of Scottish Parliament to be successful was efficient allocation and use of resources from internal sources and external donors. As stipulated by Dardanelli (2005) it is vital for project man agers to ensure effective use of financial resources so as to avoid corruption and misuse of resources which are major causes project failure. Time planning Efficient time planning by the Scottish Parliament project managers highly contributed to the successful completion of Scottish Parliament. As stipulated by Bain (2004) failure by some project managers to appropriately manage their time, is a key issue that leads to delays in the completion of projects. In order to ensure timely completion of the Scottish Parliament, despite the controversies of cost increment and site selection, project managers ensured appropriate scheduling of activities that were concerned in the completion of the parliament building. Balfour & McCrone (2005) argues that notwithstanding the criticisms from various individuals for example Lord Fraser and public reaction, Scottish Parliament building was welcomed by various professionals and architects.   Public inquiry  that aimed at investigating the man agement and the supervision of the entire construction criticised the top management team due to selection of Bovis as the senior manager as well as appointment of non-Scottish architect. Skilled labour force Scottish Parliament was also successful due to experienced labour force. It is imperative to note that efficient managers take into consideration the experience of

Indigenous Australian and Diabetes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Indigenous Australian and Diabetes - Essay Example As such, Aborigines health is very poor compared to other Australians. Statistics indicate that only about forty percent of Aborigines are in good health compared to more than 80% of other Australians. This affects the mortality rate of these people, which is more than two times the non-indigenous Australians. Poor healthcare to Aborigines and their lifestyles increase chances of getting chronic diseases like diabetes. Diabetes is one of the diseases that has increased Aborigine mortality rate in the recent years. There are few clinics and healthcare centers in regions where aborigines live and their diet is also poor. At the same time, many cannot afford medication. More than 30% of the entire Aborigine population has diabetes. In addition, the government has been doing little to Aborigine health. Less than one percent of the national budget was used on Aborigine health. This is little money and may not have a high impact on the Aborigine health. Health experts and civil rights have lobbied the government to invest more in Aborigine healthcare. This paper will discuss Australian Indigenous Health, specifically diabetes, the current trends, why Aborigines are affected more than Non-Aboriginal Australians, strategies used to mitigate Diabetes and what can be done to improve the current intervention measures and strategies. Epidemiology Diabetes is one of the most common chronic conditions in the world today. The disease is as a result of low production of insulin which is responsible for regulating blood sugar in the body. Diabetes is characterized by high levels of blood sugar and can adversely affect the general health of the patient. The condition makes the body weak making the patient susceptible to opportunistic conditions, which can even lead to death. There are two common types of Diabetes, Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 diabetes is caused an autoimmune disease of the beta cells of the pancreas. These cells are responsible for the production of insulin, which regulates blood sugar. Type 1 diabetes is most common in young people and accounts for 5 to 10% of the total diabetes patients. Type 2 diabetes is caused by health factors that have suppressing factors on the pancreas. Excess fats make it almost impossible for the beta cells to produce insulin and regulate body sugar. In fact, more than 75% of people having type 2 diabetes are either overweight or obese. Type 2 is common in adults and accounts for 90 to 95% of all diabetic patients (Hawley and Dunstan, 2008). There is no cure for either of the two types of diabetes, but research and experiments are underway to find a cure. Currently, diabetes is management is done to mitigate the risks that are associated these conditions for example (Thomas and Nestel, 2007). Type 1 diabetes patients have to live on insulin shots. They inject insulin on their hands every day according to the physician instructions. Type 2 diabetes patients are advised to exercise to lose weight and cut fats in the body. They can also use pills if the former strategy does not work. Diabetes patients have to eat healthy and exercise often to mitigate the effects of the condition (Speight, 2013). Prevalence of diabetes in Australia is relatively high, currently ranked the fifth country. Diabetes is common among the elderly people. There is a higher prevalence of diabetes to Aborigines in Australia compared to non-Aborigines. According to Australian Institute of Health and Welfare,

Vision Statement Essay Example for Free

Vision Statement Essay The vision of a man is the framework that shows the depth of his knowledge, the tenacity of his personality and how far he would go in the race of life. It is in lieu of this fact that I write this vision statement which depicts what my professional life would be in the next five years. I am a highly motivated individual with interests in human resource management, finance and sales. I would be keenly involved in developing the innate qualities I have in enhancing the capacity of the people around me especially members of staff and those on the management board I belong to. As the President of the SEB Mortgages Inc. , San Angelo TX, sub-prime mortgage broker in the area, five years would have been effectively used to improve on my managerial skills with respect to continuous training of loan officers and sales representatives. This would definitely not be a one-man affair as I would maintain contract relations with appropriate professionals in accordance with regulations guiding contracts and agreements. I would also maintain high quality staff profile within the organization as a holistic approach for increased company returns. My financial status would be greatly influenced by the output of the company, and many investments in other companies. There would be continued solicit in real estate investment and infrastructure development. The concern is to expand my financial capacity and boost the financial capacity of the mortgage broker. As the company grows in its financial capacity, it may become necessary to prepare it for listing on the Stock Exchange market as a major stock. This process is in sequence: education initiated at various colleges has prepared me for ongoing managerial skills. With the Bachelors degree in organizational management in just a few years, I would become further equipped for the noble task ahead. It would widen the scope of education and provide more opportunities to implement these skills. My professional life would also be harmonized with my social and other areas of my life.

Influence of William Shakespeare on Melville’s Moby-Dick Essay

In 1820 in the Edinburgh Review Sidney Smith said: â€Å"In the four quarters of the globe, who reads an American book?† (par. 4). That was the conventional idea concerning American Literature to the conservative British writers. But Melville proved this assumption of the British writers wrong not by arguing with them but by producing a huge work which in its quality is comparable to Shakespearean great tragedies. Melville’s masterpiece Moby-Dick consists of thousands of references, but specially references of Shakespeare are in abundance in this book. When Melville wrote this novel, next to the Bible Shakespeare was in his mind because he wanted to prove the superiority of American Nation as well as American Literature. The protagonist of the novel, Captain Ahab, is comparable with Macbeth and Lear in many ways. Also the setting of the novel and language of the novel are like those of Shakespeare’s plays. The construction of Ahab as the tragic hero-villain, his madness and blasphemous behaviour, the Shakespearean dramatic technique, the Shakespearean language and parallel scenes are the things which Melville borrows from Shakespeare. Though the portrayal of character and the construction of the novel are Shakespearean, the novel’s greatness lies in its originality. Melville creates Ahab in the model of a Shakespearean tragic hero. Melville’s conception of Ahab as a tragic character was made possible by this immersion in Shakespearean tragedy. Shakespearean tragic heroes, for example Macbeth and Lear are blinded by hubris or pride. They are tragic because of their error in judgment. Captain Ahab also becomes tragic because of the error in judgment. Ahab’s misfortune is brought 1 upon him not by vice and depravity but... ...ck. Hertfordshire: Wordsworth Editions Limited, 2002. Melville, Herman. â€Å"Hawthrone and His Mosses.† Moby-Dick. Ed. Harrison Hayford and Hershel Parker. New York and London: Norton and Company, 1967. 535-551. â€Å"Melville’s Moby-Dick.† Wow Essays.15 September 2008 Olson, Charles. â€Å"Ahab and His Fool.† Moby-Dick. Ed.Harrison Hayford and Hershel Parker. New York and London: Norton and Company, 1967.648-651. Shakespeare, William. King Lear. Surrey: Thomas Nelson and Son Ltd, 1997. Shakespeare, William. Macbeth. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001. 13 Shakespeare, William. Othello. London: Penguin Books Limited, 1968. Smith, Sidney. â€Å"Who Reads an American Book?† Great Epochs in American History. 15 (1820): pars. 4. 26 June 2008 14

Organisational Behaviour Essay -- Business Management

â€Å"The study of the structure, functioning and performance of organisations, and the behaviour of groups and individuals within them† Derek Pugh’s (1971) This influential definition of organisational behaviour was by Derek Pugh in 1971. Human behaviour is the way people act and react to situations and circumstances, each individual is different, therefore it is essential for an organisation to study human behaviour in order to understand the workforce. By observing and understanding each individual the organisation would improve performance; organisational behaviour can be considered as the key area of management. Organisations study organisational behaviour within by; investigating individuals, social perception, attitudes and emotions. By doing so they are able to determine whether motivation is existent and if so, is it successful. How individuals work in groups and teams is important for unity within organisations therefore it is crucial to know how people communicate amongst their group/teams and how well is the outcome when they do. Employees can become stressed which would affect them a great deal because an employee stressed would not be able to work to his/her potential. However this would be the least of the organisations worry because stress affects an employee’s psychological well-being a great deal, this is dire for both the organisation and the individual. We know how these factors fit into the reason behind studying organisational behaviour however its relevance in today’s organisations is still a question, I’m going to discuss two of the factors in more det ail and relate to whether they are relevant or not in today’s organisations. †¢ Personality Human Behaviour in an organisation needs to ... ...line Etymology Dictionary. Source location: Douglas Harper, Historian. http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/motivation. Available: http://dictionary.reference.com. Accessed: December 08, 2010. http://tutor2u.net/business/people/motivation_theory_introduction.asp http://vintechnology.com/journal/?p=47 http://www.mmdnewswire.com/sham-dayal-pmp-13943.html http://www.management-issues.com/display_page.asp?section=opinion&id=6100 http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=8PvwwrWnX5IC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q=motivation&f=false (book reference) pg 249, 2000 http://www.accel-team.com/human_relations/hrels_05_herzberg.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Herzberg http://www.accel-team.com/maslow_/maslow_nds_02.html http://www.management-issues.com/display_page.asp?section=opinion&id=6100 http://www.love2reward.co.uk/rewards/info-centre/motivation.jsp Organisational Behaviour Essay -- Business Management â€Å"The study of the structure, functioning and performance of organisations, and the behaviour of groups and individuals within them† Derek Pugh’s (1971) This influential definition of organisational behaviour was by Derek Pugh in 1971. Human behaviour is the way people act and react to situations and circumstances, each individual is different, therefore it is essential for an organisation to study human behaviour in order to understand the workforce. By observing and understanding each individual the organisation would improve performance; organisational behaviour can be considered as the key area of management. Organisations study organisational behaviour within by; investigating individuals, social perception, attitudes and emotions. By doing so they are able to determine whether motivation is existent and if so, is it successful. How individuals work in groups and teams is important for unity within organisations therefore it is crucial to know how people communicate amongst their group/teams and how well is the outcome when they do. Employees can become stressed which would affect them a great deal because an employee stressed would not be able to work to his/her potential. However this would be the least of the organisations worry because stress affects an employee’s psychological well-being a great deal, this is dire for both the organisation and the individual. We know how these factors fit into the reason behind studying organisational behaviour however its relevance in today’s organisations is still a question, I’m going to discuss two of the factors in more det ail and relate to whether they are relevant or not in today’s organisations. †¢ Personality Human Behaviour in an organisation needs to ... ...line Etymology Dictionary. Source location: Douglas Harper, Historian. http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/motivation. Available: http://dictionary.reference.com. Accessed: December 08, 2010. http://tutor2u.net/business/people/motivation_theory_introduction.asp http://vintechnology.com/journal/?p=47 http://www.mmdnewswire.com/sham-dayal-pmp-13943.html http://www.management-issues.com/display_page.asp?section=opinion&id=6100 http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=8PvwwrWnX5IC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q=motivation&f=false (book reference) pg 249, 2000 http://www.accel-team.com/human_relations/hrels_05_herzberg.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Herzberg http://www.accel-team.com/maslow_/maslow_nds_02.html http://www.management-issues.com/display_page.asp?section=opinion&id=6100 http://www.love2reward.co.uk/rewards/info-centre/motivation.jsp

Photoshop Action Zoom Blurring Effect

Photo Effects: Action Zoom Blurring Effect By Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com ACTion Zoom BLurring EffECT In this Photoshop photo effects tutorial, we’ll learn how to add some action and a sense of motion to a photo with a zoom blur effect. We’ll use Photoshop’s Radial Blur filter to add the initial blurring, then we’ll bring back some of the original image using a layer mask and the Gradient Tool. Not only is this a great (and popular) way to help bring an image to life, but the entire effect can be completed in less than five minutes once you’re comfortable with the steps.Here’s the photo I’ll be using for this tutorial: The original image. Here’s how it will look after adding the blur effect: Let’s get started! The final â€Å"action zoom† effect. Step 1: Duplicate The Background Layer The first step in creating our action zoom effect is to duplicate the Background layer so we can work on a separate c opy of the image, which will allow us to bring back some of the original image later. With our photo newly opened in Photoshop, if we look in the Layers panel, we can see that we currently have one layer, the Background layer, which is the layer than contains our photo:The original image appears on the Background layer in the Layers panel. This Photoshop Tutorial  © 2009 Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com. Not To Be Reproduced Or Redistributed Without Permission. 1 Photo Effects: Action Zoom Blurring Effect By Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com To duplicate the Background layer, go up to the Layer menu in the menu Bar at the top of the screen, choose new, and then choose Layer via Copy. Or, for a faster way to duplicate a layer in Photoshop, use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+J (Win) / Command+J (Mac): Go to Layer > New > Layer via Copy, or press Ctrl+J (Win) / Command+J (Mac).Either way you choose tells Photoshop to make a copy of the layer, and if we look again in th e Layers panel, we can see that we now have two layers. The original Background layer is on the bottom, while a brand new layer named â€Å"Layer 1† sits above it. If we look at the preview thumbnails to the left of the layer names, we can see that both layers contain the same image, which means we can now do whatever we want to the image on â€Å"Layer 1† and the original photo will remain safe and unharmed on the Background layer below it: An exact copy of the image now appears on â€Å"Layer 1† above the Background layer.Step 2: Apply The radial Blur filter With â€Å"Layer 1† selected in the Layers panel (it should be highlighted in blue), go up to the filter menu at the top of the screen, choose Blur, and then choose radial Blur: Go to Filter > Blur > Radial Blur. This brings up Photoshop’s Radial Blur dialog box. The Radial Blur filter gives us a choice of two different types of blurring – Spin and Zoom. Since we’re creating a z oom effect, set the Blur method option on the left side of the dialog box to Zoom. Directly below the Blur Method option is the Quality option. Choose Best for the quality.We control how much blurring is applied to the image with the Amount option at the top of the dialog box. The higher the Amount value we select, the more blurring is applied. Drag the slider towards the right to increase the Amount value, or drag it towards the left to decrease it. Unfortunately, the Radial Blur filter doesn’t give us a preview of the effect, so you’ll probably need to try a few different values before you find the one that works best for your image. I’ll explain how to do that in a moment. I’m going to set my Amount value to 50, but the value you end up choosing may be different.Finally, use the Blur Center box on the right side of the Radial Blur dialog box to set the point where the blur will appear to be â€Å"zooming† out from. Simply click inside the box to set the point. Again, there’s no way to preview the effect before running the filter so be prepared to try a few times before you get it right. I want my blur effect to appear to be coming from behind the girl’s head, so I’m going to click above and to the right of center in the box to set my point. Set the blur type, quality, amount and â€Å"zoom point†. This Photoshop Tutorial  © 2009 Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com.Not To Be Reproduced Or Redistributed Without Permission. 2 Photo Effects: Action Zoom Blurring Effect By Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com Click OK when you’re done to exit out of the dialog box. Depending on the speed of your computer, as well as the size and complexity of your image, you may need to wait a bit for Photoshop to finish applying the blur, so don’t panic if it seems like nothing is happening. After waiting a few seconds for Photoshop to do its thing, here is my image with the zoom blur ap plied: It may take a few tries before you get the results you want with the Radial Blur filter.If you’re not happy with your initial blur results and want to try again, first undo the filter by going up to the Edit menu at the top of the screen and choosing undo radial Blur. Or, for a faster way to undo the filter, use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+Z (Win) / Command+Z (Mac): Undo the blur effect with Edit > Undo Radial Blur, or press Ctrl+Z (Win) / Command+Z (Mac). Then, to quickly bring the Radial Filter dialog box back up, press Ctrl+Alt+F (Win) / Command+Option+F (Mac). Choose a different Amount value and/or set a different point for the zoom effect in the Blur Center box, then click OK to run the filter again.You can undo and redo the filter as many times as you need until you get the results you want. Step 3: Add A Layer mask The problem with our blur effect is that it’s covering up the entire image, which isn’t really what we want. In my case, the blur effect is distorting the girl’s face, so I want to hide the effect in that part of the image and allow the original photo to show through. We can do that easily using a layer mask. With â€Å"Layer 1† still selected, click on the Layer mask icon at the bottom of the Layers panel. It’s the icon that looks like a rectangle with a round hole in the center of it:Click on the Layer Mask icon. Nothing will appear to happen in the document window, but a layer mask thumbnail appears to the right of the preview thumbnail for â€Å"Layer 1† in the Layers panel, letting us know that we’ve added our layer mask. If you look closely at the thumbnail, you’ll see a white highlight border around it, which tells us that the layer mask, not the layer itself, is selected: The highlight border around the layer mask thumbnail tells us that the mask, not the layer, is selected. This Photoshop Tutorial  © 2009 Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com. Not To Be Repro duced Or Redistributed Without Permission. Photo Effects: Action Zoom Blurring Effect By Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com Step 4: Select The gradient Tool We’re going to draw a black-to-white gradient on the layer mask to hide part of the blur effect and create a nice, smooth transition between the effect on â€Å"Layer 1† and the original image on the Background layer below it. To draw the gradient, we’ll need Photoshop’s gradient Tool, so select it from the Tools panel. You can also select the Gradient Tool by pressing the letter g on your keyboard: Select the Gradient Tool. Step 5: Select The Black to White gradientWith the Gradient Tool selected, right-click (Win) / Control-click (Mac) anywhere inside the document window to quickly bring up the gradient Picker. Click on the Black to White gradient to select it. It’s the third gradient from the left, top row: Click on the Black to White gradient in the Gradient Picker to select it. Cli ck anywhere outside of the Gradient Picker to close out of it when you’re done. Step 6: Select The radial gradient By default, the Gradient Tool is set to draw a standard linear gradient, but we also have different styles to choose from, all of which can be selected from the options Bar at the top of the screen.You’ll see a row of five icons, each one representing a different shape for the gradient (Linear, Radial, Angle, Reflected, and Diamond). Select radial gradient by clicking on its icon (second one from the left): Select the Radial Gradient. Step 7: Drag out A radial gradient To Hide Part of The Blur Effect I want to allow the girl’s face to show through the blurring effect, so with the Gradient Tool, the Black to White gradient and the Radial Gradient style selected, I’ll click in the center of her face to set my starting point for the gradient.Then I’ll simply drag my mouse towards the left until I’m just beyond her hair. The area in between the starting and end points of the gradient will become a smooth transition area between the blurring effect on â€Å"Layer 1† and the original image on the Background layer below it. Since I’m drawing a radial gradient, the gradient will extend 360 ° around my starting point (which means it doesn’t really matter which direction you drag from the starting point), creating a circular shape with black in the center and gradually changing to white as it extends out in all directions:Drag out a Radial Gradient across the area where you want to hide the blur effect and reveal the original photo underneath. Since we drew the gradient on the layer mask, not on the layer itself, we don’t see the gradient in the document window. This Photoshop Tutorial  © 2009 Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com. Not To Be Reproduced Or Redistributed Without Permission. 4 Photo Effects: Action Zoom Blurring Effect By Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com I nstead, we see the results of the gradient on the layer mask. The girl’s face is now visible through the blurring effect:Drawing the gradient on the layer mask reveals part of the original image underneath. Even though we can’t see the gradient in the document window, we can see it if we look at the layer mask thumbnail in the Layers panel. The black area represents the part of the layer that’s now hidden from view. As the gradient becomes lighter towards the edges, more of the layer becomes visible. The white areas are where the layer is completely visible: If you’re not happy with your initial gradient, simply press Ctrl+Z (Win) / Command+Z (Mac) to undo the gradient, then try again.The layer mask thumbnail shows us the radial gradient we added. Step 8: Lower The opacity To fine-Tune The results If you find that your blur effect is too strong, you can reduce its intensity by lowering the opacity of â€Å"Layer 1†. Lowering the layer’s opac ity value will allow more of the original image on the Background layer below it to show through. You’ll find the opacity option in the top right of the Layers panel. Keep an eye on your document window as you adjust the opacity to judge the results.I’m going to lower mine down to around 70% (left): Lower the opacity of â€Å"Layer 1† to reduce the intensity of the blur. And with that, we’re done! Here, after fine-tuning my results with the Opacity option, is my final â€Å"action zoom effect† result: for more Adobe Photoshop tutorials, visit Photoshop Essentials. com @ www. photoshopessentials. com! The final photo effect. This Photoshop Tutorial  © 2009 Steve Patterson, Photoshop Essentials. com. Not To Be Reproduced Or Redistributed Without Permission. 5

Transcendentalists essays

Transcendentalists essays Transcendentalism For the transcendentalist, the "I" transcends the corporeal and yet nature is the embodiment of the transcendence and, or, the means to achieving transcendence, which gives way to a belief that the physical "I" is at the root of all transcendence. In practical terms, the transcendentalist is occupied with the natural over the synthetic (though it is doubtful that either Kant or Emerson would have couched it in those terms) and determines value as it relates to the individual. Among the most noted of the Transcendentalist philosophers have been Emmanual Kant, Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau. The connection between transcendentalism and utopian thinking is not always clear; inasmuch as the individual holds the highest measure of transcendence; however, the importance that is placed on nature and natural living within nature has spawned communal beliefs based on transcendental thought. As Catherine Keller sees it, "Our civilization," she writes, "is centered on the assumption that an individual is a discrete being: I am cleanly divided from the surrounding world of persons and places.... For our culture it is separation which prepares the way for selfhood. Realizing that "real" selfhood has thus been reserved for men (whose masculinity is culturally defined by such separation), ... To be "on one's own" does not necessarily mean to be out of relation. Is there even such a thing as a separate self at all-or only a posture?" (quoted in Zimmerman 646). The current debate is centered on the discussion of the future and whether the 'utopia' that evolves will be valid and, or, founded on transcendentalist philosophies. Brook Farm, the New England Transcendentalists' experiment in communal living is perhaps the most famous of America's intentional communities. Fruitlands, a smaller contemporary of Brook Farm, was also based on the transcendental thought of early Am...

Financial Statements

Financial Statements Free Online Research Papers Financial statements are important in providing an overview of the company’s financial condition both in short and long term. Financial statements should be understandable, relevant, reliable, and comparable and are used by owners, managers, investors to help them make important business decisions. The audience, purpose, and nature of financial statements and managerial reports will be examined. In addition, the use of financial accounting information in making informed and ethical business decisions will be discussed. What are financial statements? Financial statements are part of a process of financial reporting which provide information about the financial strength, performance, and changes in financial position of a company that is useful in making economic decisions. Financial statements include an income statement, a balance sheet and a cash flow statement and owners and managers require financial statements to assist them in making business decisions that affect the performance of the company (Block Hirt, 2005). Management of the company is primarily responsible for preparing and presenting financial statements of the firm and all reports included the date prepared, the period covered, and descriptive labels and titles are comprehensible to the general reader. The reports are produced annually and often generated quarterly or monthly and frequent reports are more useful as management tools because they are based on current data and provide more opportunities to react to changes in financial markets. Financial statements are also used by employees and their representatives to determine company’s ability to provide retirement benefits and employment opportunities, and the company’s stability and profitability. Moreover, government and their agencies rely on financial statements to regulate the company’s activities, determine taxation policies, and as the basis of national income and similar statistics. Financial statements contain important information for investors, providers of risk capital to the company and their advisers are concerned with the risk inherent in, and return provided by their investments. Investors rely on financial statements to assess management’s accountability and determine whether to hold or sell their investment, reappoint or replace management. Shareholders are interested in information to assess the ability of the company to pay dividends. â€Å"An income statement is a major device for measuring the profitability of a firm over a period of time† (Block Hirt, 2005, p. 3) and also shows the costs and expenses associated with generated revenues and net earnings or losses. Income statements also report earnings per share or a calculation that shows how much money shareholders would receive if the company decided to distribute all of the net earnings for the period. â€Å"Price- earnings ratio is a multiplier applied to earnings per share to determine current value of the common stock and is influenced by the earnings and sales growth of the firm, the risk or volatility in performance, the debt-equity structure of the firm, dividend payment policy, the quality of management and a number of other factors. Since companies have various levels of earnings per share, price earnings ratios allow for comparison of the relative market value of many companies based on $1 of earnings per share† (Block Hirt, 2005, p. 9). A balance sheet provides detailed information of the company’s assets, liabilities, and shareholder’s equity and shows all transactions accumulated since the inception of the company and balance sheet items are based on original cost rather than current market value. Assets are what the company owns that have value and can be converted to cash within a year or normal operating cycle of the company and include plants, trucks, equipment, inventory, trademarks, patents, investments and cash. Liabilities are financial obligations of the company due in one year or longer term and can include money borrowed from the bank, rent for use of the building, money owed to suppliers for materials, payroll for employees, environmental cleanup costs and taxes owed to government, providing goods and services to customers in the future and bonds. Shareholder’s equity is referred to as capital or net worth or the money that would be left if the company sold all of its assets and paid off all of its liabilities and the leftover money belongs to the shareholders or owners of the company (Block Hirt, 2005). Both the income statement and balance sheet are based on an accrual method of accounting, in which revenues and expenses are recognized as they occur regardless of when the actual payment is received and even if the supplies has not been paid. However, a cash flow statement shows a companys sources and uses of cash or actual cash flow position of the firm including how changes in the balance sheet and income statement affected cash and cash equivalents and breaks down analysis according to operating, investing and financing activities. Cash flow statement excludes transactions that do not directly affect cash receipts and payments such as depreciation and write-offs on bad debts and provides information on the companys liquidity and solvency and its ability to change cash flows in future circumstances. The financial manager must understand the institutional structure of the Federal Reserve System, the commercial banking system and economic variables such as gross domestic product, industrial production, disposable income, unemployment, inflation, interest rates, and taxes to assist in the financial decision making process. In addition, the financial manager is responsible for interpreting and using financial statements in allocating the company’s financial resources to maximize profits and the wealth of the company’s shareholders (Block Hirt, 2005). â€Å"The goal of shareholder wealth maximization must also be consistent with a concern for social responsibility for the company by adopting policies that maximize values in the market; the company can attract capital, provide employment, and offer benefits to the company† (Block Hirt, 2005, p. 27). The company may also use financial information to make informed and ethical business decisions, for example declining stocks due to immense competition in the telecommunications industry and the shareholders are bemoaning on the returns. The company is under pressure to develop an aggressive approach to cut costs and realize growth by outsourcing some of their jobs and create partnerships with other providers to offer new services. The company must communicate with their loyal employees and shareholders and involve them in the decision making process because of social responsibility and ethical values. Furthermore, financial statements have significant value, but non- financial indications such as employee commitment, customer satisfaction, quality of corporate governance, and operational performance are really the key to the company’s success (Chasan, 2007). Conclusion Financial statements including income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statements provide important information for managers, employees, investors to assist in making informed business decisions. Financial managers must have thorough understanding of accounting principles to allocate the company’s financial resources to generate the highest returns for the company. In addition, the use of financial accounting may be used to make ethical decisions impacting the company’s performance and other stakeholders. Research Papers on Financial StatementsIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalThe Project Managment Office SystemTwilight of the UAWResearch Process Part OnePETSTEL analysis of IndiaAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaOpen Architechture a white paperDefinition of Export QuotasMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug Use

Catcher In The Rye Essay

Catcher In The Rye Essay Catcher In The Rye Essay Koby Hinnant Leiknes 1 January 13, 2013 Holden Caulfield: Smart or Stupid? Many people, after reading The Catcher in the Rye, by J. D. Salinger, may think that Holden Caulfield is not a very bright person. They may be right in thinking that, but the author was trying to show throughout the book that he actually was very intelligent, just maybe not scholarly way. This novel gives investigates the ideas of many different themes to help show what life was like for Holden Caulfield over the period of a few days. Furthermore, Salinger creates many different kinds of symbolism throughout the story to signify the character of Holden Caulfield. All of these items in this story about Holden Caulfield hint at how he finally comes to grasp with his life, how much of hole he is in, and that he needs start applying himself to life. Within the start of the book, The Catcher in the Rye, Holden’s character consisted of him being horrible in school (except in English). He considers all of those around him in the school to be phonies , and â€Å"one of the biggest reasons [he] left Elkton Hills was because [he] was surrounded by phonies† (13). Likewise, Holden’s character was also very isolated throughout the course of most of the story. He never really had many true friends that he talked about where he loved them and had to be with them. Sure, he had a date for a little while, and there was Jane, but it never implied that he wouldn’t be able to live without them, so he led somewhat of a lonely life other than those few people mentioned. But when the story was coming to a close, that all changed when he found out how much his sister truly cared for him and loved him. When she said â€Å"I’m going with you† (206), although he may be mad at her, he is forever transformed from a lonely person to a man who will never be isolated again because his sister will always be there for him. In addition, for most of the story, Holden was always depressed because of other people’s m isfortune. After seeing his sister ride the carousel, this part of him is changed too. Although the story ends just a little after that part, it foreshadows that Holden will enjoy his life more than he used to in the future to come. Salinger brought many themes into this story and developed them over the course of a few days of Holden’s life. The storyline of The Catcher in the Rye is highly centered on lies and deceit. Holden is always talking about how people were the â€Å"phoniest bastard[s] [he] ever met in [his] life† (13). This signifies that everyone is not being themselves, they are putting on another act when they around people, so they are deceiving each other. This particular idea also fits within the theme of youth. Most of the adults in the storyline are portrayed as being very phony, whereas on the other hand, the children in the book are all depicted as caring and kindhearted. Take Allie, or Phoebe, for example. Both of them were kind to everybody and c aring, as it was showed when Holden asked to borrow some Christmas money and she said â€Å"You can take it all† (179). By saying that, it shows how compassionate she truly was by letting him take all of her money. The idea of innocence is shown many times throughout this book and the novel would be lacking without it. Holden shows his innocence when he has a prostitute come to his room, yet he changes his mind and only wants to talk with her. This shows that Holden catcher in the rye Essay catcher in the rye Essay English 4 27 January 2014 Holden Caulfield is a very insecure, jealous teenager. Throughout The Catcher and the Rye Holden consistently shows us through insults that he is indeed, insecure. J.D Salinger institutes Holden’s insecurity by having Holden judge everything and everyone in the story which growing up I have been told people judge others because they are insecure about themselves. Holden is always calling someone a moron, or an ass, to make himself feel better. There is no doubt that Holden acts the way he does for no reason other than besides the fact that he is an insecure kid. Holden is in a school in which he does not have many friends so he picks apart the kids with friends to make himself feel normal and make it seems as if it is the others who are in the wrong. During his interactions with his roommates and his day to day life, you realize that Holden is so insecure and lacks self confidence majorly. Holden comes off very negative as the book begins, as the first line of the story references his so called lousy childhood, which to me immediately stood out as a kid with no confidence and someone who will be insecure. That was the string of a large amount of lines in which Holden was negative and or insulted someone else. Holden got into a fight with Stradlater who he continuously insults, about his date with Holden’s crush Jean Gallagher. After a brief scuffle Holden says â€Å"All morons hate it when you call them morons† (pg 44, Salinger). Holden says this to feel good about himself again after being beat up a bit by Stradlater. Holden always had said how he cannot stand Stradlater and does not know how he gets girls, which is the direct result of Holden being insecure about his appearance, and having no confidence. He is incredibly insecure about his own body because calls Stradlater fake and takes so long to get himself ready to go out. If he really did not like Stradlater he would not be worried about what he was doing, but he pic ks him apart because than Holden can feel better about himself. Holden insults people that he does not even know either, like the entertainers at Ernie’s. When the entertainers were finished with a song, naturally everyone began to clap, but Holden says â€Å"people always clap for the wrong things† (pg 77, Salinger). Holden says that because he is jealous that he cannot perform like the one performing the music and he is insecure about his talents, or lack thereof. Holden has no reason to cut apart the performers in fact, he should be grateful of these performers giving everyone at Ernie’s something to listen to. However, Holden is so insecure and jealous that he feels the need to cut apart someone who is doing nothing wrong. Holden is known for going on rants. His rants vary from complaining about how phony the school is, to the people he despises, and judging people who he does and does not know. Holden is on a downward spiral which are shown by his rants and rambling (Costranovo, David). This is a true statement, due to the fact that after every rant, Holden seems to get more and more against the world. Holden goes on more rants during the story such as when he says â€Å"mothers are all slightly insane† (pg 55, Salinger). While he seems to mean this in a positive way, he is always brining out some derogatory statement. He simply could have said that mothers are always there for their children and it is impressive. Instead I believe he uses the word insane to make himself feel like he does enough for other people and that mothers go overboard. He is insecure about the amount of work he puts into his life. I believe he calls the work they do insane, because he puts no effort into schoolwork so by him using the word insane, he feels as if he is more normal. It seems extreme to have Holden go this extreme to insult a group, but Holden has proved he will do anything to make himself feel better. Holden’s goal throughout the en tire story is to feel better about himself however it does Catcher in the Rye Essay Catcher in the Rye Essay Themes and Motifs 1. 2. 3. Holden’s central goal is to resist the process of maturity. He is frightened because he is guilty of the sins he criticizes in others, and because he can’t understand everything around him. But he refuses to acknowledge this fear, expressing it only in a few instances- for example, when he talks about sex and admits that â€Å"[s]ex is something I just don’t understand. I swear to God I don’t† (Chapter 9). Instead of acknowledging that adulthood scares and mystifies him, Holden invents a fantasy that adulthood is a world of superficiality and hypocrisy (â€Å"phoniness†), while childhood is a world of innocence, curiosity, and honesty. Nothing reveals his image of these two worlds better than his fantasy about the catcher in the rye: he imagines childhood as an idyllic field of rye in which children romp and play; adulthood, for the children of this world, is equivalent to death- a fatal fall over the edge of a cliff. His created unders tandings of childhood and adulthood allow Holden to cut himself off from the world by covering himself with a protective armor of cynicism. But as the book progresses, Holden’s experiences, particularly his encounters with Mr. Antolini and Phoebe, reveal the shallowness of his conceptions. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. â€Å"Phoniness,† which is probably the most famous phrase from The Catcher in the Rye, is one of Holden’s favorite concepts. It is his catch-all for describing the superficiality, hypocrisy, pretension, and shallowness that he encounters in the world around him. In Chapter 22, just before he reveals his fantasy of the catcher in the rye, Holden explains that adults are inevitably phonies, and, what’s worse, they can’t see their own phoniness. Phoniness, for Holden, stands as an emblem of everything that’s wrong in the world around him and provides an excuse for him to withdraw into his cynical isolation. Though oversimplified, Holden’s observations are not entirely inaccurate. He can be a highly insightful narrator, and he is very aware of superficial behavior in those around him. Throughout the novel he encounters many characters who do seem affected, pretentious, or superficial- Sally Hayes, Carl Luce, Maurice and Sunny, and even Mr. S pencer stand out as examples. Some characters, like Maurice and Sunny, are genuinely harmful. But although Holden expends so much energy searching for phoniness in others, he never directly observes his own phoniness. His deceptions are generally pointless and cruel and he notes that he is a compulsive liar. For example, on the train to New York, he perpetrates a mean-spirited and needless prank on Mrs. Morrow. He’d like us to believe that he is a paragon of virtue in a world of phoniness, but that simply isn’t the case. Although he’d like to believe that the world is a simple place, and that virtue and innocence rest on one side of the fence while superficiality and phoniness rest on the other, Holden is his own counterevidence. The world is not as simple as he’d like- and needs- it to be; even he cannot adhere to the same black-and-white standards with which he judges other people. 12. Holden’s loneliness, a more concrete manifestation of his alienation problem, is a driving force throughout the book. Most of the novel describes his almost manic quest for companionship as he flits from one meaningless encounter to another. Yet, while his behavior indicates his loneliness, Holden consistently shies away from introspection and thus doesn’t really know why he keeps behaving as he does. Because Holden depends on his isolation to preserve his detachment from the world and to maintain a level of self-protection, he often sabotages his own attempts to end his loneliness. For example, his conversation with Carl Luce and his date with Sally Hayes are made unbearable by his rude behavior. His calls to Jane Gallagher are aborted for a similar reason: to protect his precious and fragile sense of individuality.