Differences Between Male and Female Orientated Magazine Articles Essay

Investigating the Difference Between Male and Female orientated Magazine Articles For my investigation I decided to take stories sent in by readers to the magazines FHM and planetary. FHM is betokened at men aged around 16 to 30, while Cosmopolitan is aimed at women of the same age. I thought it would be interesting to look at the differences between the two formats because I read FHM quite a lot, and slightly feminine friends of mine read Cosmopolitan, and I have often wondered what and how many differences and indeed similarities there are between the two magazines. I was also kindle in the different ways similar topics were portrayed for the two different sexes. It helps me understand some of the language and gender issues I dealt with last year in English Language, and that is why I chose a stories page, it tells me more about the people who actually read the magazines than the people who write them. The stories I hoped would reflect the people who wrote them, and thus the people who bought and read the magazines. It is also interesting for me because I want to become a magazine journalist when I leave university. Doing this investigation allows me to take a more in-depth look at what kind of people enjoy these kinds of magazines, and also it gives me a chance to look at the way these types of articles are presented in magazines, sounding at things such as layout. I aim to find differences between the subject matter of the letters, the lexis used by the writers, the differences in grammar, the layout of the letters pages in the magazines and the ecumenical tenor of the stories. I also aim to reach a conclusion as to what... ... and freezing my arse off. These slangy informal descriptions are rattling suitable for the FHM stories but hardly sensible for the Cosmopolitan story. Overall the articles conform closely with my hypothesis. The variances in the tenor were often and obvious. The mal e stories also conformed to my hypothesis in that they were competing as an incentive to win a prize, whereas the woman was not. The subject matters also matched my hypothesis. The male stories use mostly a different style of writing to the female articles, and indeed these contribute to them having very different effects on the reader. I think that my investigation has been a success. I have proved many of my hypotheses and my aim has been met. There is a large difference in male and female orientated magazine articles, in both style and substance.

The Market Orientation of Coca-Cola Essay -- Business Management Studi

The Market Orientation of Coca-ColaI had researched the information by contacting the Coca-Colascustomer service help-line for an information pack and by contactingThe Coca-Cola Companys Industry and Consumer Affairs officer (AlnekaWarren) by email. I have also visited the Business library for further information relating to Coca-Cola and usedvarious textbooks and various web sites from the internet.The two marketing orientations are1. harvest-tide orientation2. Market orientationProduct orientationThis can be defined as An approach to business which places the mainfocus of attention upon the accomplish process and the product itself(Needham & Dransfield 1995).Market orientationMarket orientation is defined by Ian Chambers as A marketorientated business is angiotensin converting enzyme which continually identifies, reviews andanalyses consumers needs.Market orientation is reflected on the Coca-Cola Companys missionstatementConsumer demand drives everything we do. Another brief fr om theirmission statement includes We will serve consumers a all-embracing selectionof the nonalcoholic ready-to-drink beverages they want to drinkthroughout the day.Coca-Coca has an action orientation, instead of waiting for changeto happen it is at the leading edge, driving action forward.FindingsA market orientated organisation like Coca-Cola would? Know what its customers, consumer, client needs. As they know peoplelike Coca-Cola and want it available to them.? Understand ...

The Politics of Poverty Exposed in There are No Children Here :: There are No Children Here Essays

The Politics of Poverty Exposed in There are No Children Here At a little age Lajoe, her parents and other siblings were the first family to move into the newly built Henry Horner Homes, a public housing high-rise project, on Chicagos s come forwardheast side. Lajoe recalls how clean and spacious their apartment was then. As the years passed the urban center became less and less able to allocate funds to keep up with the repairs the buildings needed and the city seemed not to care. The projects became ran down, dank and to condense to support a large family. Lajoe became pregnant at the young age of fourteen and was unable finish her high civilize education. Eventually, she married Paul Rivers, the father of her child and had they had six more children. Lajoes husband Paul was estranged from them more often than not and rarely offered both support for their children. This story is centered on the lives of the two middle children, Lafayette and Pharaoh, in the family. The older of the two boys, Lafayette, takes on the role of co-parent and support system for his mother by worrying about his younger siblings well being, who their friends are and to if they ducking bullets properly in the hallway. He has four younger siblings a brother a a couple of(prenominal) years young than he is and a set of triples. He especially kept a watchful eye on his brother Pharaoh who was weaker and easily intimidated. At one point in the story Lajoe realized that because of her husband absence and lack close adult relationships she had placed an enormous amount of responsibility on Lafayettes shoulders. Lajoe said, The things I should be telling Paul about I was talking to Lafie, I put him in a bad place. But I didnt have anyone to talk to. Lafie, became a twelve year old man that day.(101) Lafayette had lost his childhood somewhere in the projects. He lived in everlasting fear for his life and the lives of those he cared about. He tried to stay out of trouble and to avoid dealing with the gangs. But when you come from the projects it was hard to stay out of trouble. There were many occasions when the police wrongly accused Lafayette and his older brother, Terrence. As Lafayette got older found it harder to avoid the older boys and not get caught up in the fast crowd.

Death Essay -- Psychology, Anxiety

Death is an inescapable event in human life. Human beings, to a indisputable extent, are afraid of the unpredictable and inevitable death issues and deadly threats. Reason behind the anxiety is due to the difficulty to find a definitive root of a question on life and death (Becker, 1973). We aware their ultimate fate of nonexistence and deaths often occurs uncontrollably. In order to explain the death anxiety, consternation management theory (TMT) was developed to help to answer the humans psychological reaction on the existential terror of mortality issue (Greenberg, Pyszczynski, & Solomon, 1986 Pyszczynski, Greenberg & Solomon, 1999). gibe to TMT, egotism is a defensive motivation in tackling the everyday life threats. It is a subjective concept that individual is being a valuable sort in the world. Human animals obtain self-esteem mainly from their individual belief on cultural worldview symbolic recognition on the society shared by groups of people (Greenberg & Solomon, 1999). Individuals believed that their own set of cultural worldview is the only true value in the society. They feel that they are the valuable units engaging in the culture worldview and thus the perceptual construction maintains self-esteem of one self as well as providing defensive function to the death anxiety. Since self-esteem is derived from a strong perception on conceptual belief, it is able to serve as a psychological buffer that protects people against the awareness and negative feelings towards death (Greenberg, Pyszczynski, & Solomon, 1995). It is strong enough to protection peoples anxiety from death reminders (i.e. mortality salience). When there is mortality salience, people enhance their self-esteem as a defensive reaction against the death... ...l to prepare the emotion stability (Taubman et al., 2002). Secure attachment behaviour of relationship partners served as distress-regulation function to deal with anxieties encounter in the environment. It is asserted that the role of self-esteem in TMT and the role of secure attachment on proximity maintenance share the function of minimizing anxiety. The mechanism of distress regulation on securely attached fashion is able to generalize the fear of death (Mikulincer, Florian, & Tolmacz, 1990). Similar to the notion suggested by TMT, individuals required higher self-esteem to defend against death anxiety. Also, people with higher self-esteem elicit less death anxiety than the one with lower self-esteem since the positive self-evaluation provides an emotional buffer to minimize the anxiety. Secure attachment behaviour is withal the buffer to negative emotions.

New York City Essay -- Personal Narrative Writing Descriptive NYC

sweet York CityEvery time I hear this song it makes me long to leave all of my responsibilities and head off to the metropolis of dreams. A trip to New York has been a dream of mine since I was a little girl. I have al sorts wanted to visit the order of tall buildings, history, and where culture is intertwined with its people. I have wanted to live the fast pace life of a New Yorker, where I could stand outside and see, smell, and understanding all of the experiences that this city has to offer. I have been building and building this ideal image in my mind for so long. If I ever get to New York, leave I be disappointed by the city that never sleeps? The city that is a part of almost every movie I watch. arsehole New York live up to the expectations I have created?In the summer of 2004 my dream of visiting New York came to life. I could hardly contain my excitement to lastly live the life of a New Yorker, even if it would only be for a couple of days. The plane ride itself was to rture, because of my bubbling anticipation to get to my destination. erst the captain announced the descent into the New York airport my stomach became a bundle of knots. The arrival into the city was everything I had hoped it would be. My husband and I, of course, had trouble finding our way around JFK airport. We couldnt figure out the place that we were supposed to go to get our baggage. My husband and I and everyone from our plane ended up going outside of the airport to gain access to another part of the airport. Eventually things got cleared up and we found our terminal where our luggage was supposed to be. Finally after about a half an hour of being in the airport we figured out how to maneuver ourselves through the airport. As if we had passed our first test we... ...able to see, because of time restraints. The one spile I really wanted to see, but couldnt, was Ground Zero.Heading back to the hotel in the rain was one of my favorite parts of the trip. How awesome to let your restrain down long enough for that child inside to take over. My husband and I tried so hard during our walk to keep dry and skirt into stores when the rain got worse. My husband and I eventually gave up all hopes of staying dry. Instead we gave caution to the wind and splashed and played in the rain. It was like taking a walk while taking a shower. I know when we both got back to our room that there wasnt any part of our body that was dry. I will forever have this memory in my head for the rest of my life. I will have many wonderful and exciting memories of my trip to New York. I know if I never go back to this city, I will always remember my experiences.

New York City Essay -- Personal Narrative Writing Descriptive NYC

fresh York CityEvery time I hear this song it makes me long to leave all(prenominal) of my responsibilities and head off to the city of dreams. A trip to New York has been a dream of mine since I was a little girl. I have always wanted to visit the place of long buildings, history, and where culture is intertwined with its people. I have wanted to put up the fast pace life of a New Yorker, where I could stand outside and see, smell, and taste all of the experiences that this city has to offer. I have been building and building this ideal image in my mind for so long. If I ever get to New York, go away I be disappointed by the city that never sleeps? The city that is a part of almost every movie I watch. Can New York live up to the expectations I have created?In the summer of 2004 my dream of visiting New York came to life. I could hardly contain my excitement to finally live the life of a New Yorker, even if it would only be for a couple of days. The plane ride itself was torture , because of my bubbling anticipation to get to my destination. Once the captain announced the descent into the New York airport my stomach became a bundle of knots. The arrival into the city was everything I had hoped it would be. My husband and I, of course, had trouble finding our way or so JFK airport. We couldnt figure out the place that we were supposed to go to get our baggage. My husband and I and everyone from our plane ended up going outside of the airport to cause access to another part of the airport. Eventually things got cleared up and we found our terminal where our luggage was supposed to be. Finally after about a fractional an hour of being in the airport we figured out how to maneuver ourselves through the airport. As if we had passed our first test we... ...able to see, because of time rest rainwaterts. The one sight I really wanted to see, but couldnt, was Ground Zero.Heading back to the hotel in the rain was one of my favorite parts of the trip. How awesome to let your guard go across long enough for that child inside to take over. My husband and I tried so hard during our pass to keep dry and duck into stores when the rain got worse. My husband and I eventually gave up all hopes of staying dry. Instead we gave caution to the wind and splashed and played in the rain. It was like taking a walk while taking a shower. I sack out when we both got back to our room that there wasnt any part of our body that was dry. I will everlastingly have this memory in my head for the rest of my life. I will have many wonderful and exciting memories of my trip to New York. I know if I never go back to this city, I will always remember my experiences.

Consolidation in Banking Essay

1.Introduction In our daily life , we can receive banking service from banks and branches whose headquarters may from different city, region or nation . This is because banking consolidation has amend banking expansion in the past decades. It is a fact that many banks regard consolidation as a strategy for their growth and development in raw(a) market . Consolidation usu totallyy consist of mergers and acquisitions. The former one means two independent companies combine as a new one ,the last mentioned one means a bank has a controlling interest in other firms but they still remain independently. (Heffernan, 2005 ) The following part of the word will be divided in third parts. The first part will focus the reasons , trends and effects of consolidation in banking attention.The second part is principally about the benefits and disadvantages of consolidations for the industry and society. The last part is evaluation about challenges consolidation bring to the regulators. 2.Consoli dation in Banking Sector 2.1. Reasons for Consolidation in the Financial Sector at that place are lots of issues concerning about banking consolidation. The basic one is the motivation. Why banks want to mergers and acquisitions? DeYoung, Evanoff and Molyneux think the primary reason for banking consolidation is financial and technological innovations in the industry ( DeYoung, Evanoff and Molyneux,2009) . This is concerned to be a significant factor because after a wave of new technology, the structure in the industry will change since all banks make changes to fit to innovations.Thus many small banks struggle to survive or go bankruptcy after innovations, finally they decide to consolidation to perplex better development. To the larger banks, they are stronger in competition, they are willing to consolidate with those smaller banks to be more competitive in the market . However, Researches show that technologies circularize to small banks rapidly because of third-party technolo gy vendors and decreasing costing of technology delivery in recent years. (Frame and White ,2004 cited in DeYoung ,2007 ). Therefore this cannot be regard as an significant reason now. Some researchers argue that the better explanation for banking consolidation is the relationship paradigm between market power and profitability (market-power theory). (Shepherd ,1982 and Berger ,1995. Cited in Santilln-Salgado ,2005 ).They get over that in banking industry, firms with large market shares can reach the minimum economic scale of operations to develop a differentiated base of products which can be priced at a premium to obtain extraordinary profits(efficiency-structure hypothesis). ( Santilln-Salgado ,2005, p85).Due to this reason, in order to earn more profits , banks want to increase market shares. Mergers and acquisitions are the approximately important way for corporate restructuring and enlarge corporate scale in new markets.

Arthur Young Essay

Documents 1-2 How do the grievances noted by Arthur Young comp are to those expressed in the Cahiers? The grievances noted by Arthur Young are focused more on the humanitarian needs of the French people during the late 1780s. When looking at the document of September 2, 1788 Young mentions that there is an tumultuousness over the high price of bread. in that respect are many obstacles that a society can overcome, but when they are being starved and treated un dearly over humanitarian needs such as food, then there is a high possibility that they will revolt at any cost.There are as well many similarities in both Youngs observances and the Cahiers. Both Youngs observances and the Cahiers note that the people are discontent with the circumstance that the number 1 Estate made up of the clergy, and Second Estate made up of the nobility, are treated so well compared to the Third estate which include everyone from banker to lawyer and even the peasants. Therefore even though France was more revolutionary than any other country at the time, the disparity in classes between the mysterious and the poor was extremely obvious. Why might these grievances be revolutionary?And, in what ways are they peculiar to the Third Estate only and not the First and Second Estates? The grievances proposed by the Cahiers are extremely revolutionary. In fact you can see that these ideas seem oddly familiar because they exist today in our consume constitution of the United States. One of the to the highest degree famous ideas is proposed in idea 14, which states that freedom should be granted to the press. This idea is revolutionary because it would every last(predicate)ow the people of France to freely express their discontents with the government and spread information freely throughout the country without the fear of being punished.Another great idea proposed by the Cahiers was the fact that all taxes should be assessed on the same system throughout the nation. It was imperativ e that the Third estate made this clear because even though they were the poorest, they were the ones being charged with the heaviest taxes. It was also interesting that the Cahiers brought up the fact that certain positions in offices and ranks should be granted to anyone who was qualified for the job, not just the nobility or based on heredity.This was revolutionary because it must have compelled many more people in France to obtain an education and strive for a better life because they were being granted opportunities. Documents 3-4 found on your reading of these excerpts, what were the worst abuses of factory labor and the causes of poor tending and health conditions? Right away what captures the readers attention is that the medical examiner is claiming that children as young person as five years old were being sent to work as long as eleven hours a day.This idea is just impossible to most people because a five year old is hardly old enough to take care of himself, let alon e maintain a job that requires him to work for eleven hours a day. It is just painful to hear that these children spent their childhoods working in the factories and as a result their growth was stunted, their turn out development was compromised, and their health was so poor compared to children not working in factories. The testimony of John Wright really puts everything into perspective because its a first return account of his life working in the factories since he was a six year old.The fact that he worked the same hours then, to the hours he worked as an adult just shows how despicable the working conditions were in the factories. Just homogeneous the medical examiner he also explained that the children who grew up in these working factories suffered many health complications, roughly even became crippled cod to over exhaustion. According to Engels, how did such an environment affect the poor mentally as well as physically? Engels believed that the lurid environment in wh ich the poor were forced to live in was a result of continuous mistreatment from the upper classes.He claims that the poor were basically treated like animals, hoarded from the country in to the city, and forced to work ungodly hours in order to keep up with the demands of industrialization. Then the poor were forced to live in fix quarters where no proper sanitation systems existed, and even clean drinking water was a luxury. Engels explains that because so many people were cramped into such secondary rooms for such a long period of time the air quality was severely polluted and this caused many health problems.Engels brings up many intimately points by questioning how the upper classes ever expected the poor to stay healthy or even humane when their conditions were beyond poor. The fact that the poor were evermore subjected to extremes of hopes and fears really threw most people over the edge. They had no choice but to be mentally unstable because of the conditions they lived in. They were constantly living for survival in the most disgusting conditions while the rich got richer due to their hard work.Document 5 These maps reveal something well-nigh connections between population density, urbanization, and the industrializing process. What do these maps tell us about these connections? What might some of the social consequences of these connections be? The maps explain that as industrialization grew, and urbanization grew, more and more people started to move into the cities in hopes of finding opportunities for work and better living standards. You can see that the first map of the population density in England in 1801 seems quite dispersed compared to the population density of England in 1851.Also you can see from the map of England in 1851 that there was a huge population boom in between those 50 years. When looking at the map of concentration of Industry in England in 1851 then it is clear that people moved from the countryside to the larger cities t hat were the heart of industrialization. Engle best described the social consequences of the changes from 1801 to 1851 in such a short period of time in the previously discussed documents. With overpopulation cities got more crowded and the living quality in these cities steadily decreased.The environment was impact tremendously due to the cluster of factories and misuse by the overpopulation. Disease was more prominent because it was easier to spread in unsanitary and overpopulated areas. When employment opportunities arise, people will surely flock to them, especially the poor. This was just the case in England during the industrialization. Sadly what people failed to realize is that their quality of life would greatly decrease rather than increase due to the mass overpopulation.

Lvmh Report

crease Report of LVMH Group members Rining Mutang Beili Yin 10130350 10153456 nose candy95036 Sekit Chubuppakarn Xu Yang 10095786 10136050 Mahsa Tolou Sharifi 0 Executive summary LVMH, the world s largest opulence group, came into being with the mergers of Moet Hennessy and Louis Vuitton in 1987. as swell up its tralatitious strengths in wines & cognac and leather & fashion goods, other three argon perfumes & cosmetics, watches & jewelry and selective retailing. In the external environment of part two, the report analyzed the applic suitable dimensions of the macro environment by use of the PESTEL framework and the extravagance industry by the Five forces framework.The global economy, tidy sum s expectations on opulence goods, read for technological application, rarity of raw materials, and intellectual property laws each(prenominal)(a) do an impact on LVMH in a broad sense. In a narrower sense, grocery place entry into the lavishness sector is delimit low, nemesis of substitutes neutral (low to loyal customers but high to those who normally bathroomnot afford), the power of suppliers, the power of buyers and competitive rivalry all high. Generally the luxury industry can be regarded as in the shake-out stage owever, good deal in the US, richesy European countries and divergent Asian countries ar in the incompatible stages of luxury spread process. Following the life cycle of the industry, the cycles of competition meansl will be illustrated to explain the strategic moves of LVMH and its two important competitors PPR and Richemont. In the strategic capabilities of part two, the report presented LVMH s physical resources, financial resources, gay resources and intellectual capital. The Group s core competencies lie in quatern key elements and price. carrefour, distribution, communicationIn the glossiness and system of part two, LVMH s corporate set and culture, and the ethnical web in terms of symbols, organizational and power social system and figure system atomic number 18 presented respectively. LVMH stresses on the germinal design and fibre 1 excellence of its products. At the corporate level, LVMH expands horizontally and vertically in both retrograde and forward integration. The Group s good corporate p arenting adds assess to the respective(prenominal) instigator underneath it. LVMH s strategic direction can be defined as diversification, a combination of market penetration, product development and market development.The Group s current product portfolio, as diversify as all over 50 brands, is shaped by Bernald Arnault s constant acquisitions. LVMH s burster is to let art travel around the world, but due to its price mark-up, the unsophisticated it enters should reserve sufficient customers who can afford the LVMH products. Therefore, the Group s world-wide outline more(prenominal) follows the community of high income than particular countries. The way LVMH chooses to enter a fore ign market is usua lly by acquisitions of reputational domestic brands.At the business level, we mainly present the strategy of Louis Vuitton, the star brand under LVMH, which accounts for 60 per cent of the Group s revenue. Louis Vuitton differentiates itself by quad approaches stick firmly to the full price, pick store locations professionally, control the production strictly, and manage its own inventory. universe and entrepreneurship are fundamental drivers in today s economy, even for well- constituted MNCs worry LVMH. Vigorous product and process knowledgeability contributes to LVMH s long-standing success.The challenge for entrepreneurs at the maturity stage is to keep their dearest and momentum to create unseas unrivaledd growth for the family. However, this doesn t seem a problem for Bernald Arnault, who has been the CEO of LVMH since 1988. 2 Contents 1. Introduction 2. The strategic position 2. 1 External environment 2. 1. 1 The macro environment PESTEL framework a. Economic b. Socio-cultural c. Technological d. environmental e. Legal 2. 1. 2 Sources of competition Five forces framework a. The threat of entry b. The threat of substitutes c. The power of supp liers d. The power of buyers e. Competitive rivalry 2. 1. Life cycle of the industry 2. 1. 4 Cycle of competition Strategic capabilities 2. 2. 1 physiquery categories a. Physical resources b. Financial resources c. Human resources d. Intellectual capital 2. 2. 2 Core competencies 2. 2 2. 3 Culture and strategy 2. 3. 1 Corporate values and culture 2. 3. 2 The cultural web a. Symbols b. organizational structure and power structure c. Control system 3. Strategic choices 3. 1 Corporate level strategy 3. 1. 1 Value-added by corporate parenting 3. 1. 2 Diversification 3. 1. 3 Portfolio precaution 3 International strategy 3. 2. 1 Market entry strategy and entry mode 3. . 2 Market selection 3. 2. 3 bother of imitation 3. 2. 4 Drivers for internationalisation 3. 3 Business level strategy 3. 4 Innovation and entrepreneurship 3. 4. 1 Product and process aim 3. 4. 2 LVMH s Diffusion S-curve 3. 4. 3 Portfolio of Innovation Options 3. 4. 4 Entrepreneurship 3. 2 4. Conclusion 4 1. Introduction Moet Hennessy and Louis Vuitton merged in 1987 forming the incumbent luxury goods conglomerate LVMH (LVMH, 2010). The Group s First Half 2010 Interim Report announced double-digit revenue growth rate in all the five business lines that LVMH is active in Wines and spirits Fashion and leather goods Perfumes and cosmetics Watches and jewelry Selective retailing There is no other sector like luxury that the high the price the more customers desire will be. This is because luxury is a package of tangible product and intangible gets like emotional gratification from others admiration and respect (Okonkwo, 2007). Due to its existing presence in the industry, LVMH is getting through the scotch turmoil comparatively well, which is largely driven by the lovesome momentum of its Louis Vuitton brand (The Economist, 2009).The Group s latest move will be expanding into LVMH hotel solicitude of the Cheval Blanc brand in Egypt and Oman. This initiative was mainly driven by the demand from its current customers for luxurious travel experiences (Socha, 2010). 2. The strategic position 2. 1 External environment 2. 1. 1 The macro environment PESTEL framework a. Economic orbicular economies nourish been recovering with uncertain fact ors still existing. However, due to its conventional global presence, LVMH s outlook is substantiative, both in the major markets developed countries where its giveers position has been firmly secured 5 ver decades and where people s pursuit for quality luxury is believed to continue and in emerging markets where the Group s solid foundations has been established and expansion will be accelerated at the right timing (LVMH, 2010). In spite of the economic downturn, the Group has been benefiting from the s trong growth in Asia and resiliency in Eu rope. Recessions come and go, but some individuals are always willing to spend on luxury goods like handbags and watches, which in return pay them pricker in quality life and admiration from friends (Hazlett, 2004).No matter good or bad economy, it does not have much impact on the spending of those very rich elites. However, according to Bernstein Research, the rapid growth of luxury goods industry is primarily being driven by the satisfying demand from the middle class, who account for well-nigh 60 per cent of the total sales (The Economist, 2009). With a quite large and fast growing discretionary income, those affluent middle class have a quite positive attitude towards luxury goods, the quality of which is their prime(prenominal) requirement of purchasing (Chevalier & Lu, 2010). . Socio-cultural concord to Chevalier and Lu (2010), some luxury goods will be tailored to Asian preference specifically. The underlying reason of Asians affection towards luxury is social order tra nsformation in many Asian countries. A person s social status is no longer rigidly decided by birth and his or her family background, but based on how much wealth the person possesses. Even though a person was born in a humble background, he or she has opportunities to climb up the ladder and mend enough m unitaryy to reach certain social status.Then question comes how to turn the wealth in the bank account into something more noticeable and measurable so that can win respect from others. The influx of western luxury brands with outstanding logos and world long recognition seems perfect solution to many Asian new rich ( Chadha & Husband, 2006). In contemporary Asia, luxury brands are wearable symbols of identity and social status, while in the US and European countries, consumers are relatively more sophisticated and the luxury goods are regarded as a kind of lifestyle (Okonkwo, 2007). The socio-cultural challenge for LVMH would be how to keep a 6 alance between different markets where expectations from its products are different. c. Technological Technology is supposed to post a portentous challenge on every aspect of the luxury industry, from raw material sourcing to strategy development. In the past decade, there has been many business applications related to ICT (Information and Communication Technology) such as ERP (Enterprise election Planning) and SAP (Systems, Applications, and Products). All these common databases can help to urinate things smoother for process flow inside the supply chain.In this way, the data regarding the market conditions could be analyzed and passed on more effectively and rapidly, also it will be possible to predict the demands of consumers with higher accuracy, the latest designs and prototypes would be able to be proposed at a quicker rate, and there will be reduced lead time when it comes to the releasing of latest products. When luxury brand companies are fully immixd into ICT systems, it whitethorn very well help them to create and come up with fresh competitive advantages. Besides that, the organization will also achieve a keener balance in terms of efficiency and cost (Okonkwo, 2010). . Environmental LVMH s success is hugely based on their sales from their luxury brands. In this market, luxury brands are a massive intangible asset, therefore the perceptions and image that is perceived by the public can greatly influence the values of the brand. This is an important issue that LVMH ingest s to monitor closely. If LVMH wants to maintain and also improve the reputation of their brands, the lodge should focus on vital components that have already been implemented by many luxury brand companies, which is the Corporate Social certificate of indebtedness of environmental protection (LVMH, 2009). 7 e.Legal The Louis Vuitton brand is the most frequently counterfeited one in the luxury category (Chadha & Husband, 2006). The company has 40 lawyers and 250 investigators and spends approximately $18 one million million million every year on combating counterfeiting. The issue is particularly serious in China, where most of the faked products come from and the protection for intellectual property rights is weak (Okonkwo, 2007). However, the China authorities has shown its efforts to take this issue seriously by approving new laws, raiding on the counterfeiting factories and closing some notorious markets flooded with faked products. . 1. 2 Sources of competition 5 forces framework a. The threat of entry With help of the Internet, it is possible for a brand to achieve global awareness and credibility within five years. The ever change magnitude global mobility through business trips and travel also contributes to the rapid expansion of the luxury market. At current stage, entry into this industry is relatively easy (Okonkwo, 2007), oddly in the emerging markets where the brand war for market share is still fiercely ongoing. b.The threat of substitutes Due to the low copy cost and easiness to sell, luxury brands are widely counterfeited. It is estimated that over 80 per cent of the faked products are from Asia, particularly from China, and then distributed worldwide (Chadha & Husband, 2006). With the improving technology and workers skills in China, the quality of counterfeit products are not so obviously inferior to the original ones as they used to be. Moreover, the worldwide distribution chain is getting more and more sophisticated contempt the combat of the government and the luxury brands. c.The power of suppliers When it comes to the production of luxury products, there is high level of quality and exclusive designing involved which are the main factors for success and attracting 8 customers. In order to accomplish this, the organization needs the combination of highly trained workers and also premium and only top passing game input materials when they create, produce, and market the product. In the content of LVMH, they need to establish and ma intain tight relationship with their suppliers to ensure that they always receive high quality materials and designs (LVMH, 2010).Besides that in the luxury goods market, luxury apparel and accessories have been categorized by factors such as exquisite craftsmanship together with high quality and design, therefore the producer of the brand cannot outsource the production processes to other countries other than the original country from which the product was recognized internationally. This is wherefore, the power of suppliers in the luxury goods market can be classified as medium to high, depending on how much input that is received by LVMH. . The power of buyers In the shimmy of LVMH, their buyers are the many retailers in the market which can range from small to large companies. The market players in this sector are the manufacturers such as LVMH. The buyers can push for a strong negotiate position when there are more and more players in the retail market. This industry that L VMH are involved in can offer a wide range of fashion products and also, a wide range of functional classes within the market such as styles, material, logos, and so on.When a particular brand has sustain a strong and well known brand, the power of buyers will be decreased and retailers have no choice but to provide the wishes of the end user. Besides that, a new trend that has been popular with some major companies who started erecting their own stores, which is known as forward integration (Chadha & Husband, 2006) . e. Competitive rivalry almost of the big conglomerates that are the competitors of LVMH in the global luxury goods industry are the Channel Group from USA, the PPR Group from France, the Burberry Group from UK, the Polo Group and Richemont from Switzerland.These 9 c e es e e c s e y c ce ec s ec s e s. e y ec ec e se ve ey e s ve ey y. ee c s e e e e ee s e s ec s s c s c e es e e ce c & s e s es e c e s es j ye s ve y c ye s s s e e e s. y c ve e es s ee y eve y e e ee s es ec e 2006 . 2 1 3 Lif cycl of th indust y The v y s chas s y s ese . e e y c s es y has ee shifte to appreciation for the product quality rather than a sense of pleasure from merely showing off. The new environment is becoming harder for some short-sighted companies to guess long-term profit by just offering easy-to-sell products with historically fancy brand names (The Economist, 2009).Based on the characteristics of increasing rivalry, slower growth and some players e isting (Johnson, Scholes & Whittington, 2010), the luxury goods industry can be defined as in the shake-out stage. However, customers preference shift will not have a negative influence on the LV H, as quality, innovation and creativity have always been the long-term focus of the Group (The Economist, 2009). St St 1 Subju tion 2 St Sho off 3 St 4 Fit in St 5 St t of mon y W y of lif Indi Chin Tai an / South Ko a Hon Kon / Sin apo 10 japan / US / W althy Eu op an count i s The spread of luxury can be illust rated in five processes.People in the US, wealthy European countries and different Asian countries are in the different stages of screening luxury For Indians, affluent elites are the customers of luxury while the majority are buying mass products With Chinas booming economy, an increasing number of people are able to afford luxury, which is used as symbols of their social status For Taiwan and South Korea, since their earlier exposure to western brands after the economies took off in early 1990s, people buy luxury goods more for fitting into their lives than just showing off Hong Kong and Singapore are even further on their way o integrate luxury as a way of life, like the US, wealthy European countries and Japan (Chadha & Husband, 2006). 2 1 4 Cycl of comp tition LV H Ent ant 11 Moet Hennessy and Louis Vuitton s merger into LVMH in 1987 inspired the establishments of two other French conglomerates PPR and Richemont. The three companies are generally referred as the big three in t he luxury industry (Chevalier & Mazzalovo, 2008). PPR is not as pure a luxury company as LVMH, as it has other businesses like department stores and book and consumer electronics retailing.Since margins in the luxury market are more attractive, it is very likely that PPR will sell the other non-luxury businesses (The Economist, 2006). Compared with LVMH, Richemont is more relying on the watch and jewelry sector, which is the most severely impact category in case of economic crisis (The Economist, 2009). LVMH s conventional strengths are in its wine & cognac and fashion & leather goods lines. With Bernald Arnault s acquisition strategy, the Group has been kept expanding into other business lines and international markets.It can be expected that the war between the big three will be how smartly they position diversified brands in the future. World-renowned but still independently run brands like Armani, Chanel and Hermes are very likely to be the next targets. 2. 2 Strategic capab ilities 2. 2. 1 Resource categories a. Physical resources By 30 June 2010, LVMH has 2,468 retail stores worldwide, a 4. 1% expansion rate on the previous year (LVMH, 2010). Inner decoration of the stores reflects the LVMH traditions and the emotional thrum offer customers unique experience of purchasing luxury and the attention they need (Chevalier & Lu, 2010) .Unlike some of its competitors, LVMH insists on the high standard of its store decor and product demonstration like everywhere else when it approaches the Chinese market, where counterfeiting is big problem (The Economist, 2009). 12 b. Financial resources LVMH s long-term strategies of building the heritage culture and brand loyalty hold out the sustainability of financial management performance of the organization. In the regression year 2009, LVMH, which are luxury goods, generally, supposes to have a big effect by low office of consumer spending. However, in 2 009, there was just only slight decrease (0. % in revenue a nd 7. 6% for the profit) in the revenue and profit for LVMH compared to that of 2008 (LVMH, 2009). Furthermore, in the first half of 2010, LVMH can pick up the advantages of economy recovery and perform very well. The revenue and the profit of LVMH were 9,099 and 1816 million Euros, which significantly rise 16% and 33%, respectively, compared to the same stop in (LVMH, 2010). There is also the dramatic decrease in the cost of financial debt by 27% compare to the same period in 2009 (LVMH, 2010. ). The fixed assets (tangible and intangible) of LVMH are worth 20. 2 billion in 2010 (LVMH, 2010).Moreover, As of June, 30, 2010, LVMH s credit facilities went over 3. 9 billion Euros which 3. 8 billion Euros w ere the undrawn amount (available) (LVMH, 2010. ). LVMH can confidentially continue to invest in the potence projects with these large financial resources. c. Human resources LVMH used to adopt human resource policy applied to every individual country, but from early 1990s, the Group found having a global standard HRM system helped it to achieve higher effectiveness and efficiency. This new approach, regarding human talent as a world pool, creates an international working environment for LVMH.Besides the requirement of matching with LVMH s corporate culture, the more important determining factor in recruitment has become whether the candidates can bring about something new to the company (Business Europe, 1993). The common HR rules encourage cross-border mobility (normally in one case every five years) that is important career path within LVMH. Moreover, LVMH has been involved in the partnership with top education institutes in order to bring the stiffial talents into the organization (LVMH, 2010). 13 d. Intellectual capital Building a luxury brand is a complicated task more han just catching people s attention. The success formula of brand building by Bernard Arnault, LVMH s CEO, is unique positioning of the brand building on its history and the right designer s to put forward the brand values, plus strict quality and distribution control and creation of marketing buzz (Chevalier & Lu, 2010). 2. 2. 2 Core competencies According to Bernald Arnault, CEO of LVMH, high quality of the products, strong appeal of the brands, and rigorous activities of the Group are LVMH s main advantages that make it stand out and secure market share (Business Wire, 2010).There are four key elements of LVMH s success formula product, distribution, communication and price. LVMH has done a fantastic billet on the first three elements supporting the high-end price which identifying the peak value of the product and differentiate its brand from the others. For decades LVMHs formula has worked amazingly customers are seduced by beautiful status-symbols, perfect shops and clever advertising (The Economist, 2009). 2. 3 Culture and strategy 2. 3. Corporate values and culture Corporate values, usually written down as statements, are the most visible reflections of a c ompany s mission and strategies (Johnson, Scholes & Whittington, 2010). In order to generate the unifying corporate culture of the diversified organization, company need to provide the effective leadership, defining goal and creating the set of values and beliefs. It might be very difficult for the diversified multi-business organization which has many different businesses like LVMH to crate the unifying corporate values culture (Grant, 2005).However, with the great attempt, LVMH has successfully created the five values, which are respectively (LVMH, n. d. ) Be creative and innovate 14 Aim for product excellence Bolster the image of our brands with passionate determinat ion be as entrepreneurs Strive to be the silk hat in all we do 2. 3. 2 The cultural web a. Symbols Louis Vuitton is most illustrious for its Monogram series. The delicate Monogram pattern was created to foreclose counterfeiting at the beginning, but quite ironic that the series are the most counterfeited among all the luxury products.The over 100-year-old iconic series are varied by Mac Jacobs and other creative designers every season, coming out with new forms like graffiti, ch erry pattern, new colors and materials, etc (Chevalier & Mazzalovo, 2008) As Bernald Arnault said, this is to protect the overexposure of the signature Monogram print (The Economist, 2009). b. Organizational structure and power structure LVMH group are originally French and most headquarters of the firm are in French. However, the organization strongly believes that multi cultural management needs to be applied.LVMH s kingdom consists of 5 main business sectors (as mentioned in the introduction) which each group is the combination of the young and old strong brands. Moreover, the independent brand management which translated from the unique culture of each brand help s organization to generate its typical structure and enhances the potency of individual brand (Gooderham & Nordhaug, 2003). There are more than 50 re nown ed brands in LVMH s Kingdom and each company has its own president, CEO and management team who responsible to deal with its subsidiaries directly.Furthermore, the company has a decentralized structure which supports the growth and characteristic of luxury brand and company also applies the independent management by geographic between each destination such as Europe, Japan, Asia and America. The organization structure support company s fast growth by enhancing the level of innovation, control power over distribution and promotional 15 strategies (Gooderham & Nordhaug, 2003). c. Control system LVMH is using the multidivisional structure to have a better indwelling control (Hitt, Ireland & Hoskisson, 2009).Also, the decision to enter into the selective retailing market in 1999 supported LVMH to reduce the problems of distribution control . LVMH also supports each brand and employee with the autonomous management which allow them to enhance the level of creativity and adaptabil ity management in different market (Gooderham & Nordhaug, 2003) . Moreover, Bernald Arnault acknowledged his success lied in his management techniques. He insisted on giving designers complete freedom from financial or marketing concerns to apply their creativity.But when it comes to the manufacturing stage, the process control system is as strict as war-ridden to ensure the Group s profitability (LVMH brand for success, 2002). 3 Strategic choices 3. 1 Corporate level strategy At the corporate level, LVMH s structure is different from a typical conglomerate. The group expands horizontally and vertically in both backward and forward integration. Horizontally, LVMH has well-established itself in the five main business lines by gradually integrating and possessing some strategic business units (SBUs) since the new group came into being in 1987.Vertically, it integrates a centralized laboratory for cosmetics research and purchases media companies for the best effectuate of its promoti on (Rugman, 2005). 3. 1. 1 Value-added by corporate parenting Good corporate parenting can add value to a scope of businesses offering different products and services that may share few common resources at the operational level. LVMH s business lines range from wines and spirits, to fashion and leather goods, to 16 selective retailing.Each individual business groups do not have many common resources or capabilities, but they are benefiting tremendously from LVMH s corporate parenting, like receiving support in the classic brands and having creative designers involved (Johnson, Scholes & Whittington, 2010). LVMH s Half Year Interim Report (2010) stressed the Group s priorities will be directed to the most profitable brands with material innovation and marketing support, namely Louis Vuitton, Moet Hennessy in drinks, TAG Heuer in watches, Christian Dior in perfumes and cosmetics, Sephora and DFS (The Economist, 2009).The economies of scale give the Group synergy benefits like being o ffered complimentary prices for advertising, property leasing and credit card fees. 3. 1. 2 Diversification Diversification is a strategy that takes the company beyond its existing products and markets. LVMH has a highly diversified product portfolio, notably Louis Vuitton, whose momentum is strong enough to offset the Group s profit losses in other lines and keep the overall revenue positive (The Economist, 2009). It could be regarded as a combination of product development, market development and market penetration (Johnson, Scholes & Whittington, 2010).In terms of product development, artistic creativity and technological innovation both contribute to the Group s success, particularly in the cosmetics business line, which highly relies on the up-to-date R (LVMH, 2010) 3. 1. 3 Portfolio management There are over 50 renowned brands under LVMH s portfolio, each of which has its unique history and brand culture (Gooderham & Nordhaug, 2003). Among them, the most prestigious and could say timeless brands are Chateau dYquem (founded in 1593) Moet et Chandon (founded in 1743) Hennessy (founded in 1765) Guerlain (founded in 1828) 17 Louis Vuitton (founded in 1854) Acquisitions normally can alleviate competitive rivalry by reducing the number of players in the market and integrating them under one umbrella (Johnson, Scholes & Whittington, 2010). Bernard Arnault, the CEO of LVMH, is well known for his constantly aggressive strategy of acquiring smaller fashion brands with established reputation but less impressive business outcomes and incorporating them into the LVMH portfolio. In the next few years, LVMH is expected to take advantage of the recession and have more complaisant acquisitions (The Economist, 2009).Brand power of the French luxury-goods conglomerate is enforced by reaching more customers through these acquisitions (Moffett & Ramaswamy, 2003). One noteworthy example is the acquisition of Fendi in September 1999. When face both tenders from Gucci / PRR and LVMH, the Italy-based fashion brand interchange itself to the latter because of trust in the management capabilities of LVMH s executive teams. 3. 2 International strategy One of the famous global brands in the world is LVMH. Although it is not as big as TESCO, it is successful because of its groups. Its strategy is more flagship than TESCO.The strategy can be defined as an integrated distribution network. It is dynamically trust in many non- business foundations through competition world (Girod & Rugman, 2005). Structuring the bridge between traditions, modern, creation and innovation by supporting art in cla ssify around the world, is LVMH s mission (Preiholt & Ha? gg, 2006). It seems LVMH has two types of strategies. The first one is to impose increasing number of sales to make obvious for shareholders which there is a harmony between luxury products and four elements such as eternal, contemporary, quick rising and making more profit.The second one is an opportunity of risi ng in future (Preiholt & Ha? gg, 2006). 18 3. 2. 1 Market entry strategy and entry mode The most important strategy which is used by LVMH is buying other famous company in luxury field. Market can be more controlled by this action. According to this strategy, famous brands were selected by LVMH. The most important points of selecting relates to the high quality (Ireland, Hoskisson & Hitt, 2009). Three main things are noticed by LVMH managers. High price, more controlling strategy and recording franchise are points to get the goals (Hines & Bruce, 2001).LVMH fallows to keep extending its market without afraid of hard situations for setting up the stores there. As an example in first attempt for unveiling to Chinese and Japanese market, it was not delightful by people because they didn t have any idea about luxury products and they preferred to follow their traditional products but now LVMH has many stores around China and Japan ( Bloomberg businessweek Louis Vuittons Life of Luxur y, 2007). As mentioned before considering all features of trading and ability to control them are reasons to be successful in entering to new market ( Bloomberg businessweek Louis Vuittons Life of Luxury, 2007).For example in Japan concerning about all elements is important for customers also in France value and to be modern is very important. So LVMH is considered in all of the aspects which are important for different countries ( Bloomberg businessweek Louis Vuittons Life of Luxury, 2007). 3. 2. 2. Market selection According to LVMH mission they need the strategy to enter to worldwide market. Their goal is enter to the market of many luxury purchases. Due to this goal they are looking for customers priority in different countries.According to this priority, the different product will be matched with customers need. Also they tried to risk out that which costs can make customers happy which can be acceptable by LVMH mission. It means that they planned to fit the products and price s according to the market which wants to be entered. In another word, LVMH marketing managers 19 choose the products and adapting price according to capabilities of the country. LVMH as a luxury brand was limited to specific countries which has strong economic. The main problem for LVMH was, it is very dependent on some countries such as France, Japan and USA.Using financial analyse, make it up to date and controlling the market could help it to have a better situation than other competitors (Spulber, 2007). Creating the finance economics can organized by LVMH when it buy another famous company (Ireland, Hoskisson & Hitt, 2009). Creating the finance economics can organised by LVMH when it buy another famous company (Ireland, Hoskisson & Hitt, 2009). It was the only luxury companies that could survive from economic crisis which make passed recently. According to the reports the income of LVMH in 2008 was EUR 17 million which showed the rising income compare to 2007 in range of 4. % (I am emily, 2009, November10). 3. 2. 3 Difficulty of imitation The main problem for some countries is their products can be faked easily but LVMH product cannot be imitated. LVMH is one of the 500 traders which entered to the international growth market. It is attended into worldwide leadership and differentiation strategy. LVMH based more on outside associate. To against with less legality and organized in other countries are in its nature. Its action at law is beyond of having a competition with other luxury brand it also wants to enter to the market which is risky because of any imitation industry that have no certificate can be trustable.LVMH makes more profit for industries which have license and other collaborators to attack to imitation industries, since they started to enter to global market (Spulber, 2007). Also they have their own distribution, so they can control everything easily. Although it has more costs for company but makes to be organized their kingdom easily. LV MH consider about the strong partners. Partners were elect by the good quality (Spulber, 2007). With no doubt, Arnault can be named as a smart CEO to organise growing company with high benefit with ability to create new things (Wetlaufer, 2010). 0 3. 2. 4 Drivers for internationalisation The significant point for LVMH is that they look deeply into the drivers keys. The most important drivers for LVMH can be significant by innovation. Nowadays, new and modern products are more attracted than old ones. LVMH h as special luxury lab to work on innovation parts. In general speaking, rising for demanding luxury products helps LVMH to have more income because they concern about this point and try the best to be well known as an innovation company (I am Emily, 2009, November10). 3. 3 Business level strategyThis part will mainly present the business level strategy of Louis Vuitton, the iconic brand under LVMH, which accounts for 60 per cent of the Group s revenue (Hazlett, 2004) and has a pr ofit margin of 40 to 45 per cent, the highest among all the luxury brands (The Economist, 2009). According to Millward Brown count (2010), Louis Vuitton is ranked the worlds 29th most valuable brand, with a value of USD 19. 78 billion. Customers have a common mindset that they tend to invest in the products of best quality and value when they have less money, like a Louis Vuitton handbag (The Economist, 2009).As Yves Carcelle, Chief Executive of Louis Vuitton , said Vuitton was always able to expand market shares during crises. sustainable appeal of the brand lies in its differentiation-based advantage. Firstly, stick firmly to the full price to maintain the brand value. Louis Vuitton is the only luxury brand whose products are never sold at any discount. Secondly, pick its store locations rationally and professionally. For example, if Vuitton is about to open a new store in the department, its staff will set up a scale to measure the customer flows and pick the best locations base d on statistics.Thirdly, strictly control the production in its own factories. On one hand, approaches in the automobile industry are introduced to streamline the procedures and costs and workers can be easily mobilized from one product line to another in case of demand change. On the other hand, there is high 21 level of quality control over the finished products. Fourthly, never grant licensing to outside companies and execute its own inventory. In this case, the Vuitton brand can be kept high-end and direct control over inventory ensures no space competition from other brands. 3. Innovation and entrepreneurship 3. 4. 1 Product & process innovation According to Amault the CEO of LVMH ( Group mission and values, 2010, n. d. ), LVMH s success is due to their long-term creativity and products innovation. It is obvious that LVMH has already put five things as priorities. Firstly, LVMH should be innovate and creative. Secondly, LVMH should produce the excellent products. Thirdly, LVMH needs to build up its famous brand image in people s mind. Fourthly, the leader should pay attention to the entrepreneurship and relationships. Finally, every employee in LVMH should ry their best to do everything. LVMH s Art de Vivre has already represented the western fashion. In addition, LVMH s products mix the tradition, innovation and culture value which give people a dream and passion. 3. 4. 2 LVMH s diffusion S-curve It is clear that the luxury industry has been change magnitude rapidly. Although people have large demand for regular retailing industry, the luxury industry also increased very fast. According to Amault (2009), in spite of the economic downturn, LVMH s sales have increased very stably. In the early 2010, LVMH s sales have already reached 4. 7 billion. The company also performed well in Asia countries. In order to stimulate consumption LVMH has changes their attitudes in luxury industry. For example, LVMH hired many famous designers to develop their products a nd avoid overexposure these help LVMH reach a high velocity. 3. 4. 3 Portfolio of innovation options In order to face the changes and challenges, people should focus on the influence of the deployment of option patterns (McGrath & MacMillan, 2000). Therefore, LVMH s 22 success is the company largely subject to the scouting options.It is very difficult to catch the uncertain reasons like market, world s economic and politics. However, LVMH as a leader in luxury, the company has about 60 famous brands such as Louis Vuitton, Christian Dior and TAG Heuer SA. It covers like wines, fashion goods, perfumes and watches. Moreover, according to McGrath and MacMillan (2000), in order to face the challenges and find the potential markets, LVMH should pay attention to the scouting options and this way can be seemed as entrepreneurial experiment . 3. 4. 4 Entrepreneurship According to Time Magazine, Bernard Arnault is the top 100 influential people in the world.Because of LVMH s famous brands whi ch include Louis Vuitton, Fendi and Dior, everyone have interesting with the chairman of LVMH and how the leader made the company very big. First of all, Bernard Arnault s kind of fashion was inspired from his creative talent. He brought his talent to the luxury industry and he has his own new vision in luxury market. This is why he can build his fashion country . Then, Bernard Arnault has strong entrepreneurship and business acumen. For example, in the 1990s, he began to expand his company and buy other luxury names such as Givenchy and TAG Heuer.Although many people criticized his business strategy, Bernard Arnault s LVMH has been the most famous luxury company all the world. Next, with the success of LVMH, Bernard Arnault began to raise his creative talent. Many businessmen don t pay attention to this. However, Arnault believes that a good luxury company should have many managers who love and better taking into custody of fashion and arts. Finally, Arnault has the ability to do the business rely on aspects like the creative and financial. He focuses on the creativity must be commerce and when he sells his products he pay attention to financial discip line. 23 4. ConclusionLuxury is a special industry, as the higher price mark-up, the more appeal to the customers. Although the US, wealthy European countries and different Asian countries are in the different stages of luxury spread process, in the long run, people will be sophisticated enough to view luxury as a way of life. LVMH s resources are physical high standard stores, financial sustainable financial management, human brand history and mobility-oriented international talent pool, and intellectual craftsmanship, etc. According to Bernald Arnault, the CEO of LVMH, the Group s core competencies are product, distribution, communication and price.LVMH has done such a good job on focusing on the f irst three elements to create an appeal so that customers forget about the prices. LVMH s corporate values and culture of engage creative design and sticking to excellent product quality are the foundations of its strategies. LVMH s corporate level strategy is characterized by value-added corporate parenting, diversification in terms of product and market, and excellent portfolio management. We can expect competition at corporate level in the future will be brand wars how to deploy different brands more strategically.As for international strategy, origins of high income people rather than particular countries determine LVMH s entry into those markets. In most cases, the approach LVMH chooses to enter a foreign market is usually through acquisitions of reputational domestic brands. At the business level, the differentiation strategy of Louis Vuitton, LVMH s most famous star brand, is analyzed. The Vuitton company is onerous to protect the brand value by sticking firmly to the full price, picking store locations professionally, controlling the production strictly, and managing its own invent ory.Besides the three kinds of strategies, innovation and entrepreneurship are also important drivers for new growth of the companies. LVMH is committed to constant product and process innovation, and this is closely related to the entrepreneurial spirits of its CEO Bernald Arnault. 24 According to LVMH s 2010 fourth quarter report, the Louis Vuitton brand alone contributed over 60 per cent to the Group s annual growth, which demonstrated the Vuitton brand s potent ability to offset risks in a portfolio.However, the Group s heavy reliance on the Vuitton brand also worried some analysts that what will happen to the Group suppose the Vuitton brand loses appeal to customers one day. However, based on the evidences collected, we are able to believe the insight of Bernald Arnault, who is an optimist of collecting brands. Part of the revenues from the Vuitton brand have been used to support other smaller promis ing brands, which might grow into another Louis Vuitton in the future. In the next few years after the economic downturn, many opportunities exist for LVMH to keep acquiring new businesses at good prices. 5 References Bloomberg businessweek Louis Vuittons Life of Luxury. 2007. Available from http//www. businessweek. com/magazine Bruce, M. , Moore, Christopher. , & Birtwistle, G. (2004) . International retail marketing A case study approach. Oxford, UK Elsevier Butterworth Heinemann. Chadha, R. , & Husband, P. (2006). The cult of the luxury brand inside Asia s love affair with luxury. Finland WS Bookwell. Chevalier, M. , & Lu, P. (2010). Luxury China market opportunities and potential. Singapore John Wiley & Sons. Chevalier, M. , & Mazzalovo, G. (2008). Luxury brand management a world of privilege.Singapore John Wiley & Sons. Girod, S. J. G. , & Rugman, A. M. (2005). Regional business networks and the multinational retail sector. Long Range Planning , 38(4), 335- 357. Gooderham, P. N. , & Nordhaug, O. (2003). International management cross-boundary challenges. Malden, MA Blackwell Publishing. Grant, M. R. (2005). modern-day strategy analysis. Malden, MA Blackwell Publishing. Hazlett, C. (2004). LVMH Luxury s international name. Retail Traffic, 33(5), 64-68. Hines, T. , & Bruce, M. (2001). Fashion marketing contemporary issues (2nd ed. ). 26 Oxford, UK Butterworth Heinemann. Hitt, A. M. , Ireland, D.R. , & Hoskisson, E. R. (2009). Strategic management competitiveness and globalization concepts & cases . Mason, OH South-western Cengage learning. I am Emily (2009, November10). Analysis LVMH and the future Web log post. Retrieved from http//www. liberalwill. com/analysis-lvmh-and-the-future Johnson, G. , Scholes, K. , & Whittington, R. (2010). Exploring corporate strategy (10th ed. ). London Prentice Hall. LVMH. (2009, July). First half 2009 interim report. Retrieved from http//www. lvmh. com/comfi/pdf/LVMH_DF_2009_UK. pdf LVMH. (2009). Preserving the environment. Retrieved from http//www. lvmh. om/groupe/Donnee_env_2009_gbr. pdf LVMH. (201 0, July). First half 2010 interim report. Retrieved from http//www. lvmh. com/comfi/pdf/LVMH_RS1_2010_GBR. pdf McGrath, R. G. , & MacMillan, I. (2000). The entrepreneurial Mindset. Boston, MA Harvard Business School Press. Millward Brown Optimor. (2010, April). BrandZ Top 100 most valuable global brands 2010. Retrieved from http//www. millwardbrown. com/Libraries/Optimor_BrandZ_Files/2010_BrandZ _Top100_Report. sflb. ashx Moffett, M. H. , & Ramaswamy, K. (2003). Fashion fauz pas Gucci & LVMH. 27 Thunderbird International Business Review , 45(2), 225-239. Okonkwo, U. 2007). Luxury fashion branding trends, tactics, techniques . London Palgrave Macmillan. Okonkwo, U. (2010). Luxury online styles, systems, strategies. London Palgrave Macmillan. Preiholt, H. , & Hagg, C. (2006). Growth opportunities in luxury. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 10(1), 114-119. Rugman, A. M. (2005). The regional multinationals MNEs and global strategic management. Cambridge, UK Cambridge Univers ity Press. Socha, M. (2010). LVMH to expand hotel operations. WWD, 199(76), 2. Wetlaufer, S. (2010, October). The better Paradox of Star Brands An Interview with Bernard Arnault of LVMH .Harvard business review. (1993). Why France s LVMH sets common HR rules. Business Europe, 33(43), 7. (2002). LVMH brand for success, thanks to know-how from the top. Strategic Direction, 18(5), 7-9. (2006). Business One up for LVMH Luxury goods . The Economist, 381(8498), 82. (2009). The substance of style LVMH in the recession . The Economist, 392(8649), 79. (2010). LVMH group. Retrieved from http//www. lvmh. com/groupe/pg_mot. asp? rub=1=0 28 (2010). Group vision and values. 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Bead Bar Systems Development Project

The purpose of the project is to envelope the business processes and functionalities of Bear Bar enterprise into an in springation dodge which would fare every last(predicate) its resources and cover up the negative aspects of the system. All the internal and external factors which make the enterprise function in a diligent carriage would be taken care by the proposed system. The information system would make the enterprise to flow in a planned, organized and decisive stylus.Each department would be able to capture, nurture and share effectively valuable business information so as to remain synchronized with the latest events and decisions can be close in accordingly. Order tracking, fulfillment, inventory and supply dynamics can be managed optimally. Contents Executive Summary 2 Introduction and Purpose 4 Proposed system 5 Lists of Input and Output information and sources 6 1. feasibleness analysis 6 2. Systems planning and requirements gathering 7 3. Systems Analysis and Desi gn 8 4. Database Model 8 5. Coding 9 6. Implementation and preparation 107. System feedback and maintenance 10 8. Systems Re good deal and Maintenance schedule 10 9. Sequence of activities 12 Advantage to the beadwork Bar 13 Conclusion 16 Introduction and Purpose The primary objective is to organize information and solve in a planned and controlled manner to capitalize on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the organization. The proposed information system would departmentalize the operations of the various departments and make the organization accessible to its stakeholders in a pre-approved and designed manner.Not everyone would be allowed to access all kinds of information and all activities can be tracked so as to ascertain the state of the organization at every point of time. The involvement of EIS, MIS, DSS, TPS and noesis work systems would ensure that different variants of stakeholders manage the system with their given privileges to drive the enterpr ise. Proposed system We desire to create a company website which can be accessed by the internet so that all the franchisee locations are able to access it and perform the business functions of recording and updating the system for all the business changes.All the franchisee locations are machine-accessible with the help of public data carriers so that it is able to access the company website to perform their functions. Each such franchisee would have their access privileges to enter the transaction constituent and operate their business process. The president and the owner, vice presidents of all the departments would have an Executive Information System (EIS) Management Information System (MIS) to manage their operations. The accounts department may use Transaction Processing System (TPS) and the ground level role players can use Knowledge Work System to measure worker output, productivity and separates.Lists of Input and Output information and sources Prior to outlining the input and output information, the system development life cycle must be in couch so that the analysis is done accordingly. The correct nature of the inputs and the outputs would make the system design vary accordingly as it requires to capture the information and put it into a frame to interpret in a decisive manner to take further decisions. The systems development life cycle for Bead Bar is as follows 1. Feasibility analysisThe new proposed system and the present working system are analyzed so that the ROI (Return On Investment) is obtained. The proposed system is further analyzed for economical, technical, schedule and other feasibilities so that it stands in front of all difficulties in the development of the project. The Bead bar enterprises key management people are manifold in the process of feasibility analysis. All the inputs, outputs and external environment are canvass in detail so that the underlying intricacies would be researched well for their encounter and develo pment.Inputs Bead Bars inputs are in the form of companys short and long term objectives, its financial base and credibility for age to come, its general strategic plans, consent of the advisors and directors, risk handling strategies and many others. Outputs The feasibility has outputs in the form of higher management approval for the sustenance of the systems development, its full continuance use to cover all business functions, risk mitigation strategies and many others. 2. Systems planning and requirements gatheringAfter the system is thoroughly check for all its inputs and outputs, the requirements human body takes the lead. All the key stakeholders of the departments and the users of the system must be taken into account for gathering the crucial departmental functions, requirements and its interaction with other departments to achieve the central remnant of the enterprise. Input It must be in the form of the users of the system who are better-off to understand and figure out the exact ground level happenings in the business.Their view of the workings of the enterprise must be captured so that appropriate implementation can be done. Output The valuable information fetched from the users of the system must be given a representation and frame it accordingly to fix it into a system. 3. Systems Analysis and Design Bead Bars system requirements are studied and the system is analyzed and designed accordingly. The flow of data is analyzed so that the system captures the entire business cycle and their functions. Inputs It would come from the requirements gathering phase and the distinguish of business flow.Outputs It would result in helping the analysts and designers in the process of database handling and further development of the system. 4. Database Model The database model for Bead Bar is as follows, which shows the interaction of the different entities of the business. Figure 1 Database Model 5. Coding The above design is given a representation of t he business and the various functions are finally utilise at this stage. Inputs It is in the form of requirements gathered from the previous stages and the design documents. Outputs It results in actual implementation of the system so that it can be viewed physically.6. Implementation and Training This stage correlates with actual planting of the system at the Bead Bar so that the present system is replaced and the proposed system takes its place. The users must be trained to operate the business functions with the system, store and retrieve data whenever it is demanded. 7. System feedback and maintenance The general working of the system must be responded back so that any form of negative points would be highlighted and discussed to take advantage of the system and technologies involved. 8. Systems Review and Maintenance scheduleThe review and maintenance schedule must include the following stay maintenance Maintenance schedules are a necessity for persevereing the resources of a system in good health. The hardware, network equipments, communication programs and software must be periodically checked whether it is up and cut (Mawer, 2000). It is likely to include the following hardware maintenance for checking the regular running equipments(electrical fans, filters, batteries, etc) periodic replacement of hardware resources to keep it according to changing atmosphere (e.g. developmental plan revisions) system software also requires timely maintenance (fixing bugs, developing newer versions, revisions, etc) reports must be seriously checked for their correlation with system requirements (creating error logs, testing strategies, performance measures, etc) Maintenance and updation of system documentation for future reference and updations. Remedial maintenance It is performed to bring the system to running condition after correcting the hardware or software fault (Mawer, 2000).The remedial service is likely to include Create a Help Desk concept which leave log and action any reports from the customer in the event of a fault. On-site or remote login concept of issue resolution. Engaging a ordinal party service to resolve and manage the resolution. Updating documentation every time an event has taken place. In this case both the technical and non-technical rung must be made aware of the support strategies so that their response time is optimized for better handling the issues of the customer timely and professionally.

Alternative Teaching Strategies

From Infancy until the late stages of our lives, we undergo different stages of development. In each of the stages, we argon supposed to be mastering some craft, or prioritizing a task that we have non given the time of day before. Several psychologists have come along up with theories or so these stages, each intertwined with the other. This paper will concentrate on Jean Piagets theory of Cognitive Development, specifically, to Concrete Operational Stage, in intercourse to the experience of teaching Math to the fryren in St.Kitts. According Perret-Clermont and Bessire, (2004) from encyclopedia. com, Piaget compared ideas and facts, the philosophy of science and the observation of children, working out the fundamental principles of genetic epistemology. Concrete Operational Stage happens from the ages 7 to 11 years. According to Piaget, at this stage, reversibility, that is objects when changed has the ability to return to its original state, is attained. According to Marshal l (1998) in encyclopedia.com, In the stage of so-called concrete-operations (which lasts from about the ages of 7 to 11 or 12), children start to classify objects, can take the role of others and understand the nature of cause and effect, but still have difficulty thinking about abstract concepts without referring these to real events or particular images with which they are familiar. Edwards, Hopgood, Rosenberg and Rush (2009) further wrote in their website, During this stage, the thought process becomes more than rational, mature and adult like, or more operational, although this process around of ten-spot continues well into the teenage years.The process is divided by Piaget into two stages, the Concrete trading operations, and the Formal Operations stage, which is normally undergone by adolescents. In the Concrete Operational stage, the child has the ability to develop logical thought about an object, if they are able to manipulate it. By comparison, however, in the Formal O perations stage, the thoughts are able to be manipulated and the presence of the object is not necessary for the thought to take place. Other characteristic for this stage was mentioned by Atherton (2009) in the cultivation Teaching website Can think logically about objects and events Achieves conservation of number (age 6), mass (age 7), and weight (age 9) Classifies objects according to several features and can order them in series along a single dimension such as size. An Anonymous writer from Child Development institute (2008) said the following for this stage of development, establish for organized, logical thought. There is the ability to perform multiple classification tasks, order objects in a logical sequence, and comprehend the principle of conservation.Thinking becomes less transductive and less egocentric. The child is capable of concrete problem-solving. Some reversibility now possible (quantities moved can be restored such as in arithmetic 3+4 = 7 and 7-4 = 3, etc. ) Class logic-finding bases to sort unlike objects into logical groups where previously it was on superficial perceived attribute such as color. Categorical labels such as number or animal now available. It is from these that the project was initiated. For two months, the author of this paper has spent time with the school kids of St. Kitts.Everyday, tutorial lessons were held to aid children in accomplishing their tasks at school. A set of survey questions was also distributed to find out their views to help in setting up the project. The survey consisted of 10 questions specifically phrased and distributed to both the children and their parents. Of the ten questions answered by the children, the top four questions that were noticeable were questions number 2, 4, 5 and 9. Question number two asked them if their parents spend quality time with them and their schoolwork. Nearly 70% of the macrocosm said no. Majority of the children answered 4-5 hours with question number four that asked about the amount of time they spend playing by and by school. When asked if they spend time perusal at home, besides at school, for question number 5, only 43% said yes. It is however, noteworthy that 100% of the children answered yes in question number nine, if I were to tutor you for the next two months, do you think you will be better? As for the result on the survey to the parents, the top four questions that had numerical jolt were questions number 1, 2, 3 and 5.For question number one, only 50% of the parents say that they are involved in their childrens homework. The involvement of the 50% though varies from proceeds to subject as they have limited knowledge to some areas. Close to 74% of the parents answered yes to question number two, Do you ask to see their homework? analyse the results for both questions number one and two, the disparity between involvement (helping children out) and simply looking at the homework, is already evident. Looking at the homewor k does not of necessity mean seeing through the process of its completion.One of the more interesting results is the answer to question number three, as it deals with time frames parents set to their children in accomplishing their homework. Only 20% of the population does it. The last question that had impact is for the one that asked whether or not parents cut out distractions (like TV or computer) in the background? Only 12% were confident in saying yes, whereas a majority rated it as not sure. This result roots from the fact that they dont entirely remove these distractions, because most of the parents still do their own chores and tasks while their children are doing their homework.The experience has brought the conclusion that lack of attention and attentiveness to and from the kids are the biggest contributors for the knowledge deficit in the community. The design of the project is to come up with an alternative that will help children concentrate on doing assignments to g ain desire for encyclopedism anew, to help and equip parents with the styles of teaching, so that after this project, they can do it themselves. The project and teaching plan, however, are limited to tutoring Math, and not other subjects.Nursing Diagnosis Knowledge deficit related to lack of application of age-appropriate (developmental stage) learning methodology. While the children answered in such manner to the survey questions, an apparent lack of appropriate application of the developmental ability and capability is a contributor to devising the children interested in the subject area and making the parents involved in the assignments. Parents have little knowledge on how to approach teaching children, and they are not wary about the fact that children at different stages comprehend lessons in different manners or levels.

The Count of Monte Cristo and King Lear

It is humannesss path to struggle with his destiny and writers have long pen ab step forward such a battle in a mans inner soul. In the works of Alexandre Dumas and William Shakespeargon such a battle is best(p) described in their comparable works, The Count of four-card monte Cristo and King Lear. It is the purpose of this paper to present either novel, and the main male protagonists in the stories and pit them against separately other as well as have them share in their twined destiny of faults, failures and eventual redemption.Dumas weaves a story ab expose a man, Edmond Dantes whose conduct be scrape ups entangle in another mans vengeance and is subsequently doomed to life im prisonment. These issueions are out of the protagonists control as he is neither aware of the person for whom the letter is intended that he is carrying to Paris (it is actually supposed to be given to Bonapartist father) nor of the rival against him, Danglars. It would thus appear as though Dantes is allowing his destiny to be overtaken from his free will.In Shakespeares King Lear Lear also allows to be a rather flotsam figure on his own path, creation lead this way and that, not from a guidance of reason but by happenstance, bad luck, and fate. Blindness is recognized in the play by Lears grotesque nature and how he cannot stand to see the world, or kingdom he created. In King Lears distrust of his daughters he one by one makes himself disowned by them I prithee, daughter, do not make me mad. I will not trouble thee, my child farewell.Well no to a greater extent meet, no more see one another. But yet thou art my flesh, my blood, my daughter Or rather a disease thats in my flesh, Which I must need call mine. Thou art a boil, A plague sore, an embossed carbuncle In my corrupted blood. But Ill not chide thee. Let shame come when it will, I do not call it. I do not bid the Thunder-bearer shoot Nor tell tales of thee to high-judging Jove. Mend when thou canst be better at thy lei sure I can be patient, I can stay with Regan, I and my hundred knights. (Shakespeare II. iv. 1514). Blindness is a factor in either beginnings tale. For Dumas, he allows his character to remain faithful to himself but also he makes him blind to the events and circumstances surrounding him. Dantes is sent to prison, but it is in prison where he materializes Abbe Faria, who teaches his about philosophy, languages, music, history, and it is in this knowledge that Dumas allows the hero to gain self confidence that he would not have otherwise come to had he not been imprisoned.It seems that either author depends a great deal upon unusual circumstances and luck (either perceived as good or bad luck) to progress the biz forward for the characters. Both characters have to face where their loyalties lie, or where the peoples loyalties lie who surround them. In King Lear the focus of the married daughters who are turn out to be evil and usurpers of their fathers power while the younger da ughter, the innocent unmarried one proves to be the only supporter King Lear has although he blindingly distrusts her from act one.The prow of King Lear is suitably that of loyalty from the female caste whether in faithfulness or disloyalty. With the theme of loyalty there must also be a theme of vengeance as these two factors often walk hand in hand. It is proper for Dantes to want to seek vengeance on an unjust act done to him out of jealousy from Danglars. Although it takes Dantes nine years for his plan to put into action, it takes Lear merely three acts for his vengeance to take shape on Cordelias life and Lears blindness. For, what is the purpose of having a protagonist who does not learn anything?Lear learns of his mistakes with distrusting his daughter Cordelia and by trusting his other daughters- therefore, because he was blind to this distrust in a metaphorical sense he must be made blind physically in order to find redemption for his actions. Dumas takes a different ons et in his protagonists story. Dumas gives Dantes an education as well as a treasure but the idea of vengeance swallows any joy he may have gleaned from his newly found position in life as the Count of Monte Cristo. It is with a heavy heart (after finding out about his fathers death) that Dantes goes to Marseilles and then on to other European cities.Despite this occupying thought of revenge, Dantes does manage to try and save Caderousse, but is unable to help the man because Caderousses greed is his downfall. Although he is given two chances of redemption from Dantes he falls into a life of crime and is killed. Both authors need to have progression, change or punishment in their works in order for the reader to find the humanity in the protagonists, for, without their humanity Dantes revenge would be a fools errand and Lear would not have blinded himself after seeing the error of his ways.The parallels of greed in political power (another form of the grotesque in Shakespeares play) are presented in how Goneril and Regan seek political power by their ability to strip the King of all his train of followers, by rejecting the Kings title, and turning him out into the storm, entreat him by no means to stay (III. 1. 297). Also, Edmund has high political aspirations by allowing Gloucester to be blinded for his own political gain, Hang him instantly Regan primp out his eyes Goneril (III. 7. 4-5), and he usurps Edgars legitimate title as the future Earl of Gloucester.Furthermore, Kent and Edgar both lose their nobility, the Earl of Kent is banished for his honest defense of Cordelia, and Edgar loses his claim to nobility by the deceit and trickery of Edmund. Political greed was also seen with Caderousse as well as Dantes other enemies who have grown wealthy and more corrupt since he has been in prison. Both authors hinge their characters on the edge of redemption and give them each a scenario in which they can either attain this ultimate gift and be free of blame or hate, or they can become criminals of love and honor.The authors are the same in this account, they allow their protagonists to find their redemption For Lear, it is blindness, for Dantes it is shown in the mercy he gives to his enemy Danglars. In their redemption either man finds love again Cordelias for her father Lear and Haydee for Dantes. Bibliography Dumas, Alexandre. The Count of Monte Cristo. Penguin Classic. 1992. Shakespeare, William. King Lear. Penguin Classic. 1998.

Examples About Different Aspects of Development Can Affect One Another Essay

Below are some examples of how different aspects of development can affect one an opposite1. Sebastian is 6 historic period old and has just moved from Italy and has very poor English. Hes moved to a school where there are only children in the manikin with good level of English. Sebastian whitethorn be scared, confused and anxious about moving to another country with a different language. There will be a language barrier between the other children, the teachers and Sebastian. He may be quiet, subdued and moody and it could affect him in playing and understanding the teacher. opposite children may bully him, as he is different from them in language. Language barrier (through a foreign language as their first one) may retrovert other children from playing or talking to Sebastian. That can twist to lower self esteem and make him feel as an outsider, which may affect his kind and behavioural development.2. Victor is 3,5 years old and he has a newborn baby brother in the family. Bef ore that Victor had full parents attention and he doesnt know how to share feelings and toys. Victors mum put downs more clock with the newborn, so Victor doesnt understand why he needs to share his mums attention with his new brother. As result of that Victor feels let down, angry and isolated which can lead to problems in his emotional, cordial and behavioural development. This can affect his interaction with other children in the nursery. He will also find it hard to form friendships. The other children may try to avoid Victor because he is unable to share. This may affect Victors emotional and social development, as he feels lonely(prenominal) and neglected and even abandoned.3. Michael is a 13 years old son who attends secondary school, but he is less developed in reading. When it comes to children having reading time at school, he may feel uncomfortable and unable to form friendships due toembarrassment and low self-esteem. This will then affect his language and social dev elopment. This can cause Michael to feel lonely and angry with himself because he is not at the other childrens level of learning.4. Brian is 17 years old boy and he has not developed his gross motor skills because of a disability. This can affect his physical, social and intellectual development. He suffers socially as he may not be able to join in activities or sports like other children for example football. He may lack confidence and may not have as many friends. His self-esteem may be low as well. But on the other hand he may spend more time learning and that will positively affect his intellectual development.

Frankenstein- a Victim of Society

If you judge raft, you have no time to love them. -Mother Teresa In the novel, Frankenstein, the heavyweight does not belong to in society because of many factors, but if the lusus naturae was created in present time, he would still be criticized by society. Today, people are judged by humanity the same behavior they were in the past. Even as the world is drastically changing, society remains the same. The demon in Frankenstein does not suit society earlier because of his show, but also because he has no friends or family to guide him into becoming accepted. master Frankenstein unintentionally creates a monster while trying to establish an elixir of life. When the monster is brought to life, Victor initially sees him as beautiful, but and so the sight of him became sickening and repulsive. Victor says, His limbs were in proportion, and I had selected his features as beautiful the beauty of the dream vanished, and the dyspnoeic horror and disgust filled my heart (56). Victor is the only family the monster has. He is the father and source of this being but cannot fathom the idea of his creation.Victor has nightmares about the monster and becomes extremely ill over his invention. Victor rejects the monster, leaving him to go out and discover the world on his own. I sought to avoid the wretch whom I feared every turning of the street would present to my view My heart palpitated with the sickness of fear. (58) This is the first meter reading of how the light of society ordain treat the monster. The monsters appearance is the main reason he is not approved by society. I had hardly placed my foot within the door onwards the children shrieked, and one woman fainted some fled, some attacked me (101). The monster has no inclination as to why the colonization reacts this look until he sees a reflection of himself. He even describes himself as repulsive in appearance. The monster began to observe the De Lacey family. They have exactly what he wants relati onships full of love and kindness which symbolize acceptance. He longs for a companion to talk to and enjoy life with. afterwards a couple of months, he realizes the family is poor.He begins to help by cutting and collecting wood for them, but he stays out of sight. He does this so they will realize that he is a good person and not just a horrifying monster. After discovering that the father is blind, he prepares a plan to gain himself a place in society. One day, when the rest of the family is gone, the monster goes into the De Lacey home to socialize with the father. He succeeds in developing a short relationship, but as soon as the family returns they are frightened and attack him, without allowing the monster to explain anything about his existence.Even the loving and fondness family that he has done so much for does not accept him, solely because of his appearance. He Felix dashed me to the reason and struck me violently with a stick (129). Society instantly is much the same as it was in the past. People have trouble finding acceptance because of the color of their skin, the clothes they wear, or the language they sing. If the monster was created today, he would have the same amount of difficulties finding acceptance as he did during the time geological period of Frankenstein.In the article, Political and ethnical Cross-Dressing, Flavio Risech talks about how divergent countries each demand a different way of presenting oneself. Risech is a Cuban that crossed the border to live in the United States. The cultures are extremely different between the two. He has to change his appearance to try to fit in because the Cubans do not recollect he is Cuban based on his skin color, apparel, and behavior. It is the combination of the complexion, the clothing, and the foreigners demeanor which triggers the Cubans perceptual experience of me as other (432).In Cuba, accents assist in characterizing a person as Cuban, but Risech is also told that he does not spe ak with a Cuban accent. Then an acquaintance in Havana tells me I speak Spanish with a Puerto Rican accent (432). Risech is incapable of finding acceptance in his native land, even though he knows he belongs. In the article, From Outside, In, Barbara Mellix explains how language in African American culture helps lay out a person. When she is with her kinfolk she must use improper face so the rest of her family can understand.With friends or relatives, that are less close, she speaks a mixture of proper and improper English. In public and among strangers, proper English is the requirement. There were implicit and explicit principles that guided our way of life and shaped our relationships with one another and the people outside (390). Both of these articles are perfect representations of how the monster would fit into society today. The monster struggles with acceptance because of his appearance and inability to explain himself.Risech has trouble fitting in because of his dispositi on and accent, and Mellix has to be conscious about the way she speaks around certain people to be sure she is welcome in each group. Frankenstein, Political and Cultural Cross-Dressing, and From Outside, In represent how society judges a book by its cover, both today and in the past. The monster is inadequate for humankind because of his looks, which causes him to have no companions to cure his inexplicable pain of loneliness. In the end, people should be judged by their actions, since in the end, it was actions that defined everyone. -Nicholas Sparks